Preserving Navigational Rights and Freedoms: The Right to Conduct Military Activities in China's Exclusive Economic Zone

Pedrozo, Raul

doi:10.1093/chinesejil/jmq007

Cited by 22 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Однако, эта американская классификация никак не влияет на правовую природу ИЭЗ, на которую распространяются суверенные права и юрисдикция прибрежного государства согласно Конвенции 1982 г 5 . При этом даже наиболее авторитетные американские эксперты отмечают, что продолжающееся использование термина «международные воды» Соединенными Штатами ведет к «запутыванию» ситуации и позволяет Китаю утверждать, что США не знают разницы между ИЭЗ и открытым морем 6 . Такие обвинения со стороны Пекина в адрес Вашингтона в целом неудивительны и следуют в русле определенной логики: США не только не подписали, но и ратифицировали Конвенцию 1982 года, хотя пользуются заложенными в ее рамках преференциями в своих интересах, и более того -зачастую силовым методом отстаивают правопорядок в Мировом океане, обвиняя в том числе Пекин в неуважении к нормам и положениям международного морского права.…”

Section: что такое международные воды?unclassified

AMERICAN-CHINESE CONTROVERSIES AROUND THE TAIWAN STRAIT (Part I. Essence of the Terminological Dispute)

Gudev¹,

Mishin²

2022

SEAPD

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For decades, the Taiwan Strait has been one of the main "hot spots" in the Asia-Pacific region. As an object of confrontation between China and Taiwan, the U.S. and China, the area is strategically important to the entire global economy and international shipping. The strait connects the South China Sea with the East China Sea, through which up to 80% of world trade passes, and it is also a crucial link in the global supply chain. Even a short-term blockade of the Taiwan Strait could have serious consequences for the global economy. A new aggravation in the region occurred on July 13, 2022, when Wang Wenbin, spokesman for China's Foreign Ministry, declared that the Taiwan Strait is not "international waters." This article examines in detail the political and legal aspects of China's and the United States' perception of the legal status of the Taiwan Strait, revealing the understanding of "international waters" under international maritime law. It substantiates the main reasons for Beijing's actions regarding the Taiwan Strait, and also forecasts the possible resolution of this legal dispute in light of the fundamental change in China's policy regarding the islands and waters of the South China Sea, which followed the verdict of the Permanent Court of Arbitration in The Hague in 2016.

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Section: что такое международные воды?unclassified

AMERICAN-CHINESE CONTROVERSIES AROUND THE TAIWAN STRAIT (Part I. Essence of the Terminological Dispute)

Gudev¹,

Mishin²

2022

SEAPD

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“…China disagrees, claiming that these are unfriendly or ''hostile'' activities. 16 This disagreement about surveillance has already caused three serious incidents in the South China Sea: the 2001 mid-air collision between a U.S. Navy surveillance aircraft (EP-3) and an intercepting Chinese navy fighter, the 2009 episode in which Chinese fishermen and paramilitary ships harassed USNS Impeccable, which was conducting undersea surveillance, 17 As a Pacific nation, and the resident power, the United States has a national interest in the maintenance of peace and stability, respect for international law, unimpeded lawful commerce, and freedom of navigation in the South China Sea. As we have said many times before, while we do not take a position on a competing territorial claim over land features, we have a strong interest in the manner in which the disputes of the South China Sea are addressed and in the conduct of the parties.…”

Section: China's Behavior In Attempting To Resolve Its Claimsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The South China Sea: Assessing U.S. Policy

McDevitt

2015

American Foreign Policy Interests

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This article proposes additional policy options that the United States might pursue in the South China Sea. It finds that current U.S. policy is sensible and comprehensive given interests that are involved, but as of this writing China has essentially ignored U.S. blandishments. It addresses what U.S. interests are involved, and it discusses China's ''peacefully coercive'' behavior. It will then provide a brief overview of the legal merits of the respective claims to the islands and features in the South China Sea. The legal overview is presented not to argue for a change to existing U.S. policy of not taking a position on sovereignty claims, but to provide policymakers with some understanding of the legal complexity of the claims issue. It concludes by recommending additional policy approaches aimed toward generating a more peaceful, stable, non-confrontational, law-abiding environment in the South China Sea.

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“…This is not only clear in general but also specifically in matters concerning the FON. UNCLOS fails to define key terms (Roach & Smith, 2012, p. 30, p. 414), leading to stark differences in interpretations of the Law of the Sea by those opposing or backing coastal state maritime claims (Haiwen, 2010;Pedrozo, 2010). Roach and Smithwhose book is considered the most comprehensive and authoritative text on the subject-state at one point that claims viewed by the United States as inconsistent with the Law of the Sea are simply ''illegal in international law''-yet then spend nearly 700 pages demonstrating that conflicting interpretations of UNCLOS are widespread (2012, p. 17).…”

Section: Part Iii: Fonas-for Liberalismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Freedom of Navigation Assertions

Etzioni

2015

Armed Forces & Society

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In line with its “Freedom of Navigation” program, the United States conducts “operational assertions” by sending naval vessels to violate what it considers to be the excessive maritime claims of other states. Efforts have been made to legitimate this program to the public and elected officials on both liberal and realist grounds: Freedom of navigation is an important component of the liberal international order while also central to the exercise of U.S. naval power. However, it does not follow that military assertions, which create a security risk and are inconsistent with liberal principles, should take precedence over diplomatic and multilateral steps. Rather, the program has faced little scrutiny to date due to its relative obscurity.

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Preserving Navigational Rights and Freedoms: The Right to Conduct Military Activities in China's Exclusive Economic Zone

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

AMERICAN-CHINESE CONTROVERSIES AROUND THE TAIWAN STRAIT (Part I. Essence of the Terminological Dispute)

AMERICAN-CHINESE CONTROVERSIES AROUND THE TAIWAN STRAIT (Part I. Essence of the Terminological Dispute)

The South China Sea: Assessing U.S. Policy

Freedom of Navigation Assertions

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