Pressure-induced structural change in MgSiO ₃ glass at pressures near the Earth’s core–mantle boundary

Abstract

Knowledge of the structure and properties of silicate magma under extreme pressure plays an important role in understanding the nature and evolution of Earth's deep interior. Here we report the structure of MgSiO glass, considered an analog of silicate melts, up to 111 GPa. The first (r1) and second (r2) neighbor distances in the pair distribution function change rapidly, with r1 increasing and r2 decreasing with pressure. At 53-62 GPa, the observed r1 and r2 distances are similar to the Si-O and Si-Si distances, respectively, of crystalline MgSiO akimotoite with edge-sharing SiO structural motifs. Above 62 GPa, r1 decreases, and r2 remains constant, with increasing pressure until 88 GPa. Above this pressure, r1 remains more or less constant, and r2 begins decreasing again. These observations suggest an ultrahigh-pressure structural change around 88 GPa. The structure above 88 GPa is interpreted as having the closest edge-shared SiO structural motifs similar to those of the crystalline postperovskite, with densely packed oxygen atoms. The pressure of the structural change is broadly consistent with or slightly lower than that of the bridgmanite-to-postperovskite transition in crystalline MgSiO These results suggest that a structural change may occur in MgSiO melt under pressure conditions corresponding to the deep lower mantle.

Metastable silica high pressure polymorphs as structural proxies of deep Earth silicate melts

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In situ X-ray diffraction of silicate liquids and glasses under dynamic and static compression to megabar pressures

“…The experimental study of liquid MgSiO 3 has been a long-term challenge, as MgSiO 3 melts at extremely high temperatures even at moderate pressures (melting temperature exceeds 4000 K at 40 GPa (14-16)). Therefore, MgSiO 3 glass has been extensively studied as a possible structural analog for the liquid state at high pressures (13,(17)(18)(19). Vibrational spectroscopy identified structural changes (13,(19)(20)(21) which were confirmed by in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies (22,23).…”