Pressurized hot water extraction of Norway spruce hemicelluloses using a flow-through system

Leppänen, Kaisu; Spetz, Peter; Pranovich, Andrey; Hartonen, Kari; Kitunen, Veikko; Ilvesniemi, Hannu

doi:10.1007/s00226-010-0320-z

Cited by 99 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Leppänen et al (2010) describe a flow-through PHWE process, which was shown to be an efficient and selective method for extracting hemicelluloses from spruce wood saw meal with a higher average degree of polymerization than the batch-wise PHWE used in this work and that of Song et al (2008). Conserving high DP with the method described by Leppänen et al (2010) was, however, found to significantly reduce yield.…”

Section: Pressurized Hot-water Extractionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Separation of Galactoglucomannans, Lignin, and Lignin-Carbohydrate Complexes From Hot-Water-Extracted Norway Spruce by Cross-Flow Filtration and Adsorption Chromatography

Westerberg¹,

Sunner²,

Helander³

et al. 2012

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A simple method to simultaneously recover polymeric carbohydrates, mainly galactoglucomannans (GGM), lignin, and lignin-carbohydrate complex (LCC) from hot-water-extracted Norway spruce wood is presented. The isolation method consists of cross-flow filtration, where high and low molecular mass species are removed, followed by fixedbed adsorption on a hydrophobic polymeric resin (XAD-16) to remove lignins and lignans. In the second step of fixed-bed adsorption, a phenylic reversed-phase analytical chromatography column, where mass transport resistance is minimized and a very high selectivity towards aromatic compounds have been observed, was used to separate LCC from GGM. The isolated LCC fraction contained about 10% aromatics, whereas the upgraded GGM fraction contained about 1.5% aromatics and the lignin fraction contained about 56% aromatics. Polymeric xylan was accumulated in the GGM fraction, while mannose was the dominant sugar found in the LCC fraction. As products, approximately 7% was recovered in the lignin fraction in the first adsorptive step, 5% was recovered as LCC, and 88% as upgraded hemicelluloses.

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Section: Pressurized Hot-water Extractionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Separation of Galactoglucomannans, Lignin, and Lignin-Carbohydrate Complexes From Hot-Water-Extracted Norway Spruce by Cross-Flow Filtration and Adsorption Chromatography

Westerberg¹,

Sunner²,

Helander³

et al. 2012

BioResources

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“…This result was obtained without any chemical pretreatment or synthetic polymers. Since the extraction of GGM from wood is scalable (Leppänen et al 2011) this result is quite interesting. To produce even higher strength, copolymers with grafted soft chains like CMC-g-PEG could be used, but that would at the same time increase the complexity of the system.…”

Section: Multi-layer Epoxy-nanopaper Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-layer nanopaper based composites

et al. 2017

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Native cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) were prepared from bleached birch pulp without any chemical or enzymatic pretreatment. These CNF were modified by adsorption of a small amount of watersoluble polysaccharides and used to prepare nanopapers, which were processed into composites by lamination with an epoxy resin and subsequently cured. The results were compared to the properties of composites prepared using bacterial cellulose nanopapers, since bacterial cellulose constitutes highly pure and crystalline cellulose. It was found that both types of nanopapers significantly improved both the thermal stability and mechanical properties of the epoxy resin. As anticipated, addition of only 2 wt% of watersoluble polysaccharides efficiently hindered crackpropagation within the nanopaper and significantly improved the tensile strength and work of fracture compared to composites containing a conventional nanopaper reinforcement. The mechanical properties of the composites thus reflected the improvement of the nanopaper properties by the polysaccharides. Moreover, it was possible to predict the properties of the final composite from the mechanical performance of the nanopapers.

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“…Polymeric and oligomeric xylan were recently extracted from birch sawdust using a pressurized hot water flow-through system (Kilpeläinen et al 2012). This method is also suitable for softwoods such as spruce (Leppänen et al 2011). Almost all hemicelluloses from spruce sawdust could be extracted at 200 °C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pressurized Hot Water Flow-through Extraction of Birch Sawdust with Acetate pH Buffer

Kilpeläinen¹,

Kitunen²,

Pranovich³

et al. 2013

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Birch sawdust was extracted with a pressurized hot water (PHW) flowthrough system. The pH of the extract was controlled during extraction by the addition of acetic acid/sodium acetate buffer. Three different pH levels, 4.0, 4.2, and 4.6, were used. Extraction temperatures were 160, 170, and 180 °C, with a constant 4 mL/min flow rate through the 50 mL extraction vessel. During PHW extraction with plain water, the end pH of the extract dropped from 5 to below 3. Buffers kept the pH of the extracts constant during the first 30 min of extraction. Compared to plain water, the use of buffers resulted in a lower yield of xylans during the 170 °C extraction. However, with the buffered system it was possible to obtain xylans from sawdust with a higher molar mass than plain water extraction. Acetic acid/sodium acetate buffer enabled control of the hydrolysis rate of xylans during extraction.

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Pressurized hot water extraction of Norway spruce hemicelluloses using a flow-through system

Cited by 99 publications

References 23 publications

Separation of Galactoglucomannans, Lignin, and Lignin-Carbohydrate Complexes From Hot-Water-Extracted Norway Spruce by Cross-Flow Filtration and Adsorption Chromatography

Separation of Galactoglucomannans, Lignin, and Lignin-Carbohydrate Complexes From Hot-Water-Extracted Norway Spruce by Cross-Flow Filtration and Adsorption Chromatography

Multi-layer nanopaper based composites

Pressurized Hot Water Flow-through Extraction of Birch Sawdust with Acetate pH Buffer

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