Pressurized Liquid Extraction of Pigments from Chlamydomonas sp. and Chemical Characterization by HPLC–MS/MS

Montero, Lidia; Sedghi, Mahshid; García, Yolanda Diñeiro; Almeida, Carlos; Safi, Carl; Engelen-Smit, Nicole; Cifuentes, Alejandro; Mendiola, J. A.

doi:10.1007/s41664-018-0062-8

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The carotenoids composition of the selected four different microalgae species belonging to different botanical families and having different geographical origin— Chlamydomonas sp., T. chuii , N. gaditana , and C. sorokiniana —were reported in [29,30,31,32,33,34], although the selected psychrophilic Chlamydomonas sp. strain has not been previously explored.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Apocarotenoids Profiling of Four Microalgae Strains

et al. 2019

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Both enzymatic or oxidative carotenoids cleavages can often occur in nature and produce a wide range of bioactive apocarotenoids. Considering that no detailed information is available in the literature regarding the occurrence of apocarotenoids in microalgae species, the aim of this study was to study the extraction and characterization of apocarotenoids in four different microalgae strains: Chlamydomonas sp. CCMP 2294, Tetraselmis chuii SAG 8-6, Nannochloropsis gaditana CCMP 526, and Chlorella sorokiniana NIVA-CHL 176. This was done for the first time using an online method coupling supercritical fluid extraction and supercritical fluid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. A total of 29 different apocarotenoids, including various apocarotenoid fatty acid esters, were detected: apo-12’-zeaxanthinal, β-apo-12’-carotenal, apo-12-luteinal, and apo-12’-violaxanthal. These were detected in all the investigated strains together with the two apocarotenoid esters, apo-10’-zeaxanthinal-C4:0 and apo-8’-zeaxanthinal-C8:0. The overall extraction and detection time for the apocarotenoids was less than 10 min, including apocarotenoids esters, with an overall analysis time of less than 20 min. Moreover, preliminary quantitative data showed that the β-apo-8’-carotenal content was around 0.8% and 2.4% of the parent carotenoid, in the C. sorokiniana and T. chuii strains, respectively. This methodology could be applied as a selective and efficient method for the apocarotenoids detection.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Apocarotenoids Profiling of Four Microalgae Strains

et al. 2019

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“…In a pressurized liquid extraction with ethanol, the optimized process for Chlamydomonas sp. showed a low yield of lutein, only 26% [107]. Ultrasound [108] and microwave-assisted extraction [109] can be highlighted to improve lutein recovery.…”

Section: Extraction Purification and Stabilization Of Luteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lutein from Microalgae: An Industrial Perspective of Its Production, Downstream Processing, and Market

Iwamoto,

Soccol,

Molina-Aulestia

et al. 2024

Fermentation

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Lutein, a yellow xanthophyll carotenoid, is increasingly recognized for its nutraceutical benefits, particularly in protecting the retina’s macula from age-related degeneration. Microalgae are a promising source of lutein, which can be a primary product or a coproduct in biorefineries. Certain microalgae exhibit lutein levels (up to 1.7%) surpassing those of common dietary sources like kale, spinach, and egg yolk (approximately 0.7–0.9%). Predominantly associated with photosystem II’s light-harvesting complex, lutein is crucial in photosynthesis and cellular defense. However, being quantitatively minor among cellular constituents, lutein necessitates specialized processing for efficient extraction. Although ubiquitous in microalgae, it is not as easily inducible as β-carotene and astaxanthin in Dunaliella salina and Haematococcus pluvialis, respectively. Currently, microalgal lutein production predominantly occurs at the bench scale, presenting challenges in scaling up. Factors like culture medium significantly influence biomass and lutein yields in industrial production, while downstream processing requires cost-effective, food-grade solvent extraction techniques. This review delves into contemporary methods and innovative progress in microalgal lutein production, emphasizing industrial-scale processes from biomass cultivation to final product formulation. A conceptual industrial process proposed in this review shows that two 10 m3 photobioreactors could produce 108 kg dry mass for Chlorella minutissima, which can be processed into approximately 616 g of lutein extract, or over 6000 capsules of finished nutraceutical daily. Despite lutein production via microalgae being in nascent stages at large scales, existing research provides a solid foundation for well-informed scale-up endeavors.

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“…Based on early studies about bioactive compound extractions from plant matrices, extraction pressure and static extraction time were set at 1500 psi and 20 min, respectively. 35,36 Central composite design was established with two central points resulting in 10 experimental runs (Table 1). Each run was performed in duplicate in random order to minimise the effects of uncontrolled factors.…”

Section: Optimisation Of Pressurised Liquid Extraction Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemometric optimisation of pressurised liquid extraction for the determination of alliin and S‐allyl‐cysteine in giant garlic (Allium ampeloprasum L.) by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

Peterssen-Fonseca

Henriquez‐Aedo

Carrasco-Sandoval

et al. 2021

Phytochemical Analysis

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Introduction: Giant garlic is a functional food that contains different kinds of bioactive molecules with beneficial effects on chronic noncommunicable diseases like diabetes and cardiovascular conditions. Considering biosynthesis pathways, abundance, and biological activity, alliin and S-allyl-cysteine were used as chemical markers of organosulphur compounds present in giant garlic.Objective: To establish a chemometric optimisation of pressurised liquid extraction for the determination of alliin and S-allyl-cysteine in giant garlic by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).Methodology: Samples were blanched (ca. 90 C for 10 min) to inactivate alliinase and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase enzymes and then freeze-dried. Chemometric optimisation was performed via response surface methodology based on central composite design (CCD). Organosulphur compound yields were determined applying a validated LC-MS/MS method in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode using the following transitions: for alliin m/z 178 ! 74 and for S-allyl-cysteine m/z 162 ! 41.Results: According to CCD results, under constant conditions of pressure (1500 psi) and time (20 min), the optimal conditions for pressurised liquid extraction of alliin and S-allyl-cysteine were 70.75 and 68.97% v/v of ethanol in extraction solvent and 76.45 and 98.88 C as extraction temperature, respectively. Multiple response optimisation for the simultaneous extraction of both organosulphur compounds was established via desirability function. Under these conditions, 2.70 ± 0.27 mg g −1 dry weight (DW) of alliin and 2.79 ± 0.22 mg g −1 DW of S-allyl-cysteine were extracted.Conclusions: These results clearly demonstrated that pressurised liquid extraction is an efficient green technique to extract bioactive organosulphur compounds from giant garlic. Extraction yields were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than those obtained with conventional ultra-turrax extraction.

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Pressurized Liquid Extraction of Pigments from Chlamydomonas sp. and Chemical Characterization by HPLC–MS/MS

Cited by 15 publications

References 35 publications

First Apocarotenoids Profiling of Four Microalgae Strains

First Apocarotenoids Profiling of Four Microalgae Strains

Lutein from Microalgae: An Industrial Perspective of Its Production, Downstream Processing, and Market

Chemometric optimisation of pressurised liquid extraction for the determination of alliin and S‐allyl‐cysteine in giant garlic (Allium ampeloprasum L.) by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

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