Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) in CMS-teaching hospital: a preliminary report

Abstract

Aims: Nosocomial infection is a major problem in the world today. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains, usually resistant to several antibiotics and also intrinsic resistance to ß-lactam antibiotics, shows a particular ability to spread in hospitals and now present in most of the countries. The present study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of MRSA and their rate of resistance to different antistaphylococcal antibiotics. Materials and methods: Between April 2007 and December 2009, the clinical specimens submitted at the microbiology laboratory were processed and all Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) isolates were included in this study. All isolates were identified morphologically and biochemically by standard laboratory procedures and antibiotic susceptibility pattern including oxacillin was determined by modified Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Results: Out of a total of 348 Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from various clinical samples, 138 (39.6%) were found to be Methicillin-resistant. Among MRSA isolates, 86(62.3%) were from different inpatient departments, whereas, 52(37.7%) of the isolates were from outpatients. All MRSA were resistant to penicillin. More than 70% of the MRSA strains were resistant to cephalexin, ciprofloxacin and cloxacillin, while less than 10% of them were resistant to azithromycin, amikacin and tetracycline. Many MRSA strains were multidrug resistant. However, no strains were resistant to vancomycin. Conclusion: This preliminary report showed a high prevalence of MRSA in our hospital. To reduce the prevalence of MRSA, regular surveillance of hospital acquired infection and isolation is the need of the hour. Key words: Nosocomial infection; methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA); multidrug resistant. DOI: 10.3126/jcmsn.v6i1.3595 Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, 2010, Vol. 6, No. 1, 1-6

Detection of Methicillin ResistantStaphylococcus aureusand Determination of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Vancomycin forStaphylococcus aureusIsolated from Pus/Wound Swab Samples of the Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal

“…In our study 35.50% of the isolates were found to be MRSA by cefoxitin disc diffusion method, which was comparable with the findings by Kshetry et al (37.6%) [8] and Sanjana et al (39.6%) [25]. But lower prevalence was reported by Subedi and Brahmadathan (15.4%) [26] and Baral et al (26%) [27] and higher prevalence was reported by Khanal and Jha (68%) [16] and Tiwari et al (69.1%) [28].…”

Bacteriological Profile and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Bacteria Isolated from Pus/Wound Swab Samples from Children Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal

“…The prevalence of MRSA reported in our study was in accordance with that reported by Subedi and Brahmadathan (15.4%) [19]. However, higher rates were reported by Kshetry et al (37.6%) [6], Sanjana et al (39.6%) [20], Dibah et al (46.3%) [21], and Tiwari et al (69.1%) [22]. In a recent study from Nepal, Adhikari et al also reported higher rate of MRSA in comparison to our study [23].…”

Antibiogram of bacterial species causing skin wound infection

“…6(2): 4997-5002. drug resistance of MRSA was highest with Penicillin and Oxacillin (100.0%). These findings are in accordance with those of Sanjana et al, (2010). Current results are attributed to fact that MRSA strains are often resistant to all standard β-lactams, macrolides and aminoglycosides antibacterials (Fang et al, 2016).…”