Prevalence and Clinical Features of Sagging Eye Syndrome in Korean Patients

ParK, Beom Chan; Kim, Dae Hyun

doi:10.3341/kjo.2021.0124

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 13 publications

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“…Nonsurgical management includes base-out prism glasses or occlusion. Surgical intervention can be considered in cases of larger angle deviations, or when patients desire independence from glasses [20][21][22].…”

Section: Sagging Eye Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Nonneurologic causes of binocular diplopia for the neurologist

Mosleh¹,

Peragallo

2022

Current Opinion in Neurology

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Purpose of reviewTo review several etiologies of nonneurologic diplopia that the neurologist should be familiar with. The pathophysiology, clinical presentation, neuroimaging findings, and treatment options are briefly summarized for each condition. Recent findingsCertain etiologies for diplopia can be associated with life-threatening neurologic conditions and should be investigated thoroughly for proper localization and immediate management of the underlying disease. However, nonneurological causes of binocular diplopia are very common and disabling, but are often nonemergent and may not require in-depth investigation or neuroimaging. Some of the etiologies of nonneurologic diplopia mimic cranial nerve palsies, making them confusing to evaluate when the physician is not familiar with these etiologies. Unfamiliarity with these diagnoses can lead to unnecessary neuroimaging, inefficient utilization of medical resources, and undue alarm to the patient. Recent advances in clinical diagnostic tools and neuroimaging have clarified our understanding of the diverse underlying mechanisms of nonneurologic binocular diplopia. SummaryDiplopia can be a difficult symptom for the neurologist to evaluate. A systematic approach to the evaluation of diplopia can help establish the urgency and necessity of an extensive workup. This review will help to familiarize the neurologist with nonneurological causes of binocular diplopia, minimize expensive and unnecessary evaluations, and reassure patients and physicians alike.

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Section: Sagging Eye Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Nonneurologic causes of binocular diplopia for the neurologist

Mosleh¹,

Peragallo

2022

Current Opinion in Neurology

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Body Mass Index Is Associated With Orbital Pulley Degeneration Syndrome, Including Sagging Eye Syndrome

Iida,

Goseki,

Onouchi

et al. 2024

American Journal of Ophthalmology

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Diplopia in the Younger Adult (≤65 Years Old) Compared With Older Adult (>65 Years Old) Population—Presentation, Progression, and Outcome

Gindelskhi Sagiv,

Levy,

Huna-Baron

et al. 2023

Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology

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Background: Despite the impact of new-onset diplopia on the quality of life, there are few studies concerning new-onset diplopia in seniors. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology, etiology, prognosis, and outcome of different treatments in the older adults compared with younger adult patients presenting with new-onset binocular diplopia. Methods: A retrospective chart review of patients ≥18 YO with new-onset binocular diplopia presenting between 2010 and 2021. Data collected included age at presentation, gender, duration of time since diplopia onset, imaging results, known trigger, etiology, treatment, and follow-up. Results: Two hundred ten patients were included. Of them, 75 patients were ≤65 YO (35.7%, the “younger adult group”) and 135 > 65 YO (64.3%, the “older adults group”). The common etiology in both groups was neurogenic (54.7% ≤ 65 vs 62.2% >65, P = 0.29). Cranial nerve palsies were more commonly microvascular in the older adults (96.0% vs 74.1%, P = 0.005), whereas tumor-related cranial nerve palsies were more frequent in younger adults (14.81% vs 2.04%, P = 0.03). A restrictive etiology was observed in 20% of younger adult compared with 11.1% of older adults group (P = 0.08). Sagging eye syndrome (SES) was the second most common etiology in the older adults group at 11.9%, compared with 1.3% in the younger adult group (P = 0.01). Decompensated phoria/tropia appeared in 16% of younger adult group compared with 11.9% of older adults (P = 0.4), with an obvious trigger (mostly cataract surgery) in the latter (80% older adults vs 20% younger adults, P = 0.019). Positive imaging findings were found in 46.7% of patients ≤65 compared with 25.3% of >65 (P = 0.01) and complete spontaneous resolution of diplopia was noted in 32.1% of the older adults compared with 11.8% of younger adults (P = 0.003). Conclusions: Neurogenic diplopia was the most common etiology for both groups, but is more prominent in the older adults. Noticeable findings in the older adults were SES diagnosis, identification of triggers for impaired fusion/diplopia, and a paucity of positive findings in imaging results. It is important to know these differences not only for managing seniors better, but also to minimize symptoms of binocular diplopia after lens-related procedures.

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Prevalence and Clinical Features of Sagging Eye Syndrome in Korean Patients

Cited by 4 publications

References 13 publications

Nonneurologic causes of binocular diplopia for the neurologist

Nonneurologic causes of binocular diplopia for the neurologist

Body Mass Index Is Associated With Orbital Pulley Degeneration Syndrome, Including Sagging Eye Syndrome

Diplopia in the Younger Adult (≤65 Years Old) Compared With Older Adult (>65 Years Old) Population—Presentation, Progression, and Outcome

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