Prevalence and correlates of young people's sexual aggression perpetration and victimisation in 10 European countries: a multi-level analysis

Krahé, Barbara; Berger, Anja; Vanwesenbeeck, Ine; Bianchi, Gabriel; Chliaoutakis, Joannes; Fernández-Fuertes, Andrés A.; Fuertes, Antonio; Matos, Margarida Gaspar de; Hadjigeorgiou, Eleni; Haller, Birgitt; Hellemans, Sabine; Izdebski, Zbigniew; Kouta, Christiana; Meijnckens, Dwayne; Murauskienė, Liubovė; Papadakaki, Maria; Ramiro, Lúcia; Reis, Marta; Symons, Katrien; Tomaszewska, Paulina; Vicario-Molina, Isabel; Zygadlo, Andrzej

doi:10.1080/13691058.2014.989265

Cited by 161 publications

(210 citation statements)

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“…About 12% of men and 7% of women reported committing a sexually aggressive act at least once since the age of 15. For both genders, the rates of sexual aggression perpetration were lower than the rates of sexual victimization, which is consistent with previous findings (Kolivas & Gross, 2007;Koss, 1993;Krahé & Berger, 2013;Krahé et al, 2015). Other Polish studies obtained similar overall rates of sexual victimization, such as 36.4% for men and 31.3% for women (Izdebski, 2012), 32% for men and 35.4% for women (Łukaszek, 2013) as well as of sexual aggression perpetration, such as 7.3% for men and 6.3% for women (Krahé et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Sexual aggression was defined in the current study as any type of behavior that aims at making another person engage in sexual activity against her or his will (Krahé, 2013 (Czapska, Klosa, Lesińska, & Okrasa, 2012;Gruszczyńska, 2007), and no study addressed only men as victims. No more than 4 studies investigated the perpetration of sexual aggression, all including both gender groups (Doroszewicz & Forbes, 2008;Izdebski, 2012;Krahé et al, 2015;Łukaszek, 2013).…”

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confidence: 98%

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Sexual Aggression Victimization and Perpetration Among Female and Male University Students in Poland

Tomaszewska

Krahé

2015

J Interpers Violence

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This study examined the prevalence of victimization and perpetration of sexual aggression since age 15 in a convenience sample of 565 Polish university students (356 females). The prevalence of sexual aggression was investigated for both males and females from the perspectives of both victims and perpetrators in relation to three coercive strategies, three different victim-perpetrator relationships, and four types of sexual acts. We also examined the extent to which alcohol was consumed in the context of sexually aggressive incidents. The overall self-reported victimization rate was 34.3% for females and 28.4% for males. The overall perpetration rate was 11.7% for males and 6.5% for females. The gender difference was significant only for perpetration. Prevalence rates of both victimization and perpetration were higher for people known to each other than for strangers. In the majority of victimization and perpetration incidents, alcohol was consumed by one or both parties involved. The findings are discussed in relation to the international evidence and the need for tailored risk prevention and reduction programs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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confidence: 98%

Sexual Aggression Victimization and Perpetration Among Female and Male University Students in Poland

Tomaszewska

Krahé

2015

J Interpers Violence

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“…More than 50% of the participants were victims of several aggressors, most of whom were men, although 19% were subjected to assaults by aggressors of both sexes. This data is consistent with previous studies conducted in other countries showing that women are more often impacted, endure longer lasting violence and are predominantly victims of male perpetrators [18][19][20][21]. The survey data also confirmed that sexual violence starts most often during childhood and adolescence [22,23].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

The Impact of a History of Sexual Abuse on Health: Data from a Self-Reported Questionnaire from a Sample of French Victims

Thomas¹,

Guérin²,

Lévy³

et al. 2017

J Gen Pract

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Objective: This study aimed to assess the connection between sexual abuse and self-reported lifetime physical and psychiatric disorders. Subjects and Method:Samples of 178 French subjects (170 women and 18 men) who have been sexually abused have agreed to answer a computerized questionnaire and give the characteristics of their aggression and the physical and psychiatric pathologies they suffered afterwards. They also reported symptoms of anxiety and depression using the 14-item Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) scale. Reported disorders were grouped by system organ class. χ 2 test or exact test of Fisher was used to test association of main characteristics of sexual abuse (type and duration of abuse, multiple/single assault and perpetrator) with each item of medical history.Results: 83% of respondents had experienced several sexual assaults, with a first assault occurring mainly during childhood and adolescence. The average length of the sexual abuse period was 2.4 times longer in women, compared to men (9.2 vs. 3.8 years). Most frequently alleged types of abuse were touching (85.5%) and rape (76.6%). The mean age of disclosure of sexual violence was approximately 21 years and the average time between the first abuse and disclosure about 12 years. The most frequent reported physical disorders were chronic pain, allergic, dermatological and gynaecological disorders, and surprisingly ENT disorders. There was in the sample a high prevalence of depression, sleep disorders and suicide attempts. At the time of the investigation the mean HAD scores were 7.0+4.7 and 11.7+4.6 for depression and anxiety respectively. Most reported disorders were significantly correlated with the severity of the sexual abuse (rape, duration, number of assaults and/or perpetrators). It was also shown that the delay of disclosure was significantly longer for victims whose first attack occurred when they were younger. Conclusion:A history of sexual abuse is associated with a high prevalence of multiple physical and psychiatric disorders at rates comparable to those found in previously published studies.

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“…A recent study from 10 European countries reports that between 2.6% and 14.8% of women admit to having engaged in sexual aggression (Krahé et al, 2015). A German study among 2149 university students found that 7.9% of women report perpetration of sexual coercion, with 4.3% using verbal pressure, 2.6% using alcohol-related strategies and 2.3% of women admitted using force (Krahé & Berger, 2013).…”

Section: Coercive Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different types of coercive strategies can be distinguished, for example: the use of threat or physical force, the exploitation of the other person's inability to resist the unwanted advances and the use of verbal pressure (Krahé et al, 2015). In a study among 656 US college students, 26% of women and 40% of men reported having used coercive strategies (Struckman-Johnson, Struckman-Johnson, & Anderson, 2003).…”

Section: Coercive Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attitudes of Dutch citizens towards male victims of sexual coercion by a female perpetrator

Huitema

Vanwesenbeeck

2016

Journal of Sexual Aggression

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This vignette study examines the differences in Dutch people's attitudes towards sexual coercion perpetrated by a male against a female versus sexual coercion perpetrated by a female against a male. In total, 583 Dutch citizens (16-86 years, 59.7% female) evaluated a control scenario and three sexually coercive scenarios (verbal coercion, purposeful intoxication and force), in which the sex of perpetrator and victim was purposely varied. The variables studied include: (1) scenario acceptability, (2) victim responsibility, (3) perpetrator responsibility, (4) victim pleasure, (5) victim distress and (6) support for filing a police report. The results indicate that sexual coercion of men is taken less seriously than sexual coercion of women, especially among Dutch men. However, most differences between attitudes towards male and female victims were found only in the physical force scenario. The findings highlight the importance of educational programmes to raise awareness and reduce stereotypical views on male sexual victimisation. Male sexual coercionThe issue of sexual coercion in adulthood has attracted a lot of attention from researchers. This scientific interest is hardly surprising, considering the stressful nature of these experiences. Krahé, Tomaszewska, Kuyper, and Vanwesenbeeck (2014) define sexual coercion as "behaviour carried out with the intent or result of making another person engage in sexual activity or sexual communication despite his or her unwillingness to do so" (p. 546). This covers a broad range of behaviours, such as manipulating the other by continuing to insist after the other person refused sex, lying about feelings or intentions, threatening with anger, withdrawing love, or using force.Considering the gendered nature of sexual aggression, the larger part of studies conducted in this area has focused on situations with male perpetrators and female victims. However, sexual coercion by females occurs as well (e.g. Breiding et al., 2014). Only in 1991 was the legal definition of rape under Dutch law rephrased into a gender-neutral wording. Before this time, rape was by definition committed by a male perpetrator against a female victim (Römkens, 2008). Even though it is now recognised that males and females can be victims of sexual coercion, research on the subject of male coercion by a female perpetrator remains limited.It is also acknowledged that situations of sexual coercion where the victim and the perpetrator are of the same sex are also only scarcely included in research. However, these situations are beyond the scope of this article, as the aim of the current study is to investigate the attitudes of Dutch citizens (16 years and older) towards adult male victims of sexual coercion by a female perpetrator. This type of research has not previously been conducted in the Netherlands.

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Prevalence and correlates of young people's sexual aggression perpetration and victimisation in 10 European countries: a multi-level analysis

Cited by 161 publications

References 23 publications

Sexual Aggression Victimization and Perpetration Among Female and Male University Students in Poland

Sexual Aggression Victimization and Perpetration Among Female and Male University Students in Poland

The Impact of a History of Sexual Abuse on Health: Data from a Self-Reported Questionnaire from a Sample of French Victims

Attitudes of Dutch citizens towards male victims of sexual coercion by a female perpetrator

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