Prevalence and determinants of smoking in three regions of Saudi Arabia

Jarallah, Jamal S.; Al‐Rubeaan, Khalid; Al-Nuaim, Abdul Rahman A; Al-Ruhaily, Atallah A; Kalantan, Khalid A

doi:10.1136/tc.8.1.53

Cited by 133 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…On the other hand, the prevalence of cigarette smoking among females in this study was higher than that reported among women in a previous Syrian study during 2004 (7.4%) [14]. There is other evidence from Arab countries of significantly higher rates of cigarette smoking among males than females, which as been attributed to the social stigma attached to cigarette smoking in women [17]. However, several factors seem to be driving an increase in female smoking, especially in developing countries.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

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Epidemiological study on tobacco smoking among university students in Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic

Kubaisy¹,

Abdullah²,

Nuaimy³

et al. 2012

East Mediterr Health J

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There is a lack of data on tobacco use in the Syrian Arab Republic. This cross-sectional questionnaire survey estimated the prevalence of smoking among university students in Damascus and identified factors related to smoking. Among the 583 respondents, the overall prevalence of cigarette smoking was 20.8%. The mean age of smokers [25 (SD 2.2) years] was significantly higher than non-smokers [21 (SD 1.8) years]. Smoking prevalence among males (26.1%) was significantly higher than among females (9.5%). However, female students consumed a significantly higher number of cigarettes per day than did males [mean 21 (SD 5) versus 9 (SD 2)]. The smoking prevalence among students in non-health faculties (27.8%) was significantly higher than that of health professional students (14.5%) and was higher among students living away from their families (27.8%) than those living with their families (16.2%). The study raised concerns about smoking in student residences and women's smoking patterns. RÉSUMÉ Les données sur la consommation de tabac sont rares en République arabe syrienne. La présente enquête transversale par questionnaire a estimé la prévalence du tabagisme chez les étudiants en université dans la ville de Damas et a identifié les facteurs qui y sont liés. Sur un total de 583 répondants, la prévalence globale du tabagisme était de 20,8 %. L'âge moyen des fumeurs [25 ans (E.T. 2,2)] était significativement plus élevé que l'âge des nonfumeurs [21 ans (E.T. 1,8)]. La prévalence du tabagisme chez les étudiants de sexe masculin (26,1 %) était nettement plus forte que celle des étudiantes (9,5 %). Toutefois, les étudiantes consommaient un nombre bien plus important de cigarettes par jour que les étudiants [moyenne 21 (E.T. 5) contre 9 (E.T. 2)]. La prévalence du tabagisme chez les étudiants inscrits dans des facultés non spécialisées en sciences de la santé (27,8 %) était bien supérieure à celle des étudiants en santé (14,5 %) et supérieure chez les étudiants vivant loin de leur famille (27,8 %) par rapport aux étudiants vivant en milieu familial (16,2 %). L'étude a soulevé des inquiétudes concernant le tabagisme dans les résidences universitaires et les modes de consommation du tabac par les étudiantes.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

“…In Saudi Arabia the prevalence of smoking was more than 20 times that of females (21.2% versus 0.9%) [17]. The prevalence of cigarette smoking among females in our study (9.5%), however, was lower than that reported among female university students in Saudi Arabia (11%) and the United States (12%) [18,19].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

Epidemiological study on tobacco smoking among university students in Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic

Kubaisy¹,

Abdullah²,

Nuaimy³

et al. 2012

East Mediterr Health J

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“…16 In diverse parts of the world, the main incidence of smoking is reported between the younger age groups and descends gradually in older age. 17,18 These results are consistent with our study where all the participants were males with a mean age of 28.88±9.50 years and a range of 15 to 58 years.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Self-perceived oral health status and cytomorphological changes in individuals with addictive oral habits: assessed by WHO oral health questionnaire for adults

Gul

Asif

Samad

et al. 2017

Int J Community Med Public Health

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Background: Oral diseases related to tobacco use are relatively widespread and common in the Pakistani community but epidemiological data regarding maintenance of oral hygiene and suggested treatment is scarce. Therefore, this study was conducted in an under developed district (Muzaffargarh) of Punjab, Pakistan to evaluate oral health status and to determine frequency of cytomorphological changes in buccal mucosa of habitual tobacco users. Methods: Oral examination of all the subjects was carried out using mouth mirrors and gauze under good illumination. Cytology samples were taken from buccal mucosa. The smears were later stained with Papanicolaou stain and microscopy was performed. All the cytological data was recorded in the respective proformas. Data was analysed using IBM SPSS software version 20. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed. A p value of ≤0.05 was considered significant. Results: When cross relations were studied among the demographics, addictive habits and cytological variables, soft drink usage was associated with epithelial atypia (p=0.05), marijuana usage was associated with inflammatory infiltrate on cytology (p=0.047) and snuff/niswar usage was associated with inflammatory atypia (p=0.048). No associations were found among the other studied variables. Conclusions: The results of cellular changes in the smears from subjects with addictive habits can be utilized as an educational and screening tool in cessation therapy. The results attained in this study proposed that tobacco addictive habits produce cellular modifications in clinically normal mucosa on exfoliation cytology.

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“…While in the USA, the tobacco related health cost $167 billion per year. In the kingdom of Saudi Arabia, around $160 million is used for purchasing tobacco per year (Bassiony, 2009, it was reported that the prevalence of smoking was (21.1%) for males and (0.09%) for females (Jarallah, et al, 1999), while recent Saudi research (2009) documented a prevalence of (11.6-52.3%) among adults from various studies all over the kingdom (Bassiony, 2009), and a prevalence of 11% among Jeddah Female University students (Merdad, et al, 2007), indicating an increasing trend, and was considered by Saudi researchers as a Public Health problem which needs intensive and comprehensive tobacco control efforts (Jarallah, et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Potentially Malignant Oral Mucosal Lesions among Tobacco Users in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Al-Attas¹,

Ibrahim²,

Amer³

et al. 2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Smoking is recognized as a health problem worldwide and there is an established tobacco epidemic in Saudi Arabia as in many other countries, with tobacco users at increased risk of developing many diseases. This cross sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence of oral mucosal, potentially malignant or malignant, lesions associated with tobacco use among a stratified cluster sample of adults in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. A sample size of 599 was collected and each participant underwent clinical conventional oral examination and filled a questionnaire providing information on demographics, tobacco use and other relevant habits. The most common form of tobacco used was cigarette smoking (65.6 %) followed by Shisha or Moasel (38.1%), while chewing tobacco, betel nuts and gat accounted for 21-2%, 7.7%, and 5% respectively. A high prevalence (88.8%) of soft tissue lesions was found among the tobacco users examined, and a wide range of lesions were detected, about 50% having hairy tongue, 36% smoker's melanosis, 28.9% stomatitis nicotina, 27% frictional keratosis, 26.7% fissured tongue, 26% gingival or periodontal inflammation and finally 20% leukodema. Suspicious potentially malignant lesions affected 10.5% of the subjects, most prevalent being keratosis (6.3%), leukoplakia (2.3%), erythroplakia (0.7%), oral submucous fibrosis (0.5%) and lichenoid lesions (0.4%), these being associated with male gender, lower level of education, presence of diabetes and a chewing tobacco habit. It is concluded that smoking was associated with a wide range of oral mucosal lesions , those suspicious for malignancy being linked with chewable forms, indicating serious effects.

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Prevalence and determinants of smoking in three regions of Saudi Arabia

Cited by 133 publications

References 12 publications

Epidemiological study on tobacco smoking among university students in Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic

Epidemiological study on tobacco smoking among university students in Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic

Self-perceived oral health status and cytomorphological changes in individuals with addictive oral habits: assessed by WHO oral health questionnaire for adults

Prevalence of Potentially Malignant Oral Mucosal Lesions among Tobacco Users in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

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