Prevalence and distribution of Cryptosporidium spp. in dairy cattle in Heilongjiang Province, China

Liu, Aiqin; Wang, Rongjun; Li, Yihong; Zhang, Longxian; Shu, Jiwu; Zhang, Weizhe; Feng, Yaoyu; Xiao, Lihua; Ling, Hong

doi:10.1007/s00436-009-1457-2

Cited by 52 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Previous surveys of adult calves found that C. andersoni was the predominant species in many countries including Japan, the United States and Canada [9], [45], [46], and this was also the case in China, according to three studies in Heilongjiang, Henan and Shaanxi Provinces [47]–[49]. In contrast we did not detect C. andersoni in yaks in this study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Cryptosporidium in Yaks in Qinghai Province of China

Wang

Li³

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, species and subtypes of Cryptosporidium infecting yaks in the Qinghai Province of Northwestern China. The prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. was detected by microscopy and nested-PCR. A total of 586 fecal samples were collected from yaks in 6 counties, of which 142 (24.2%) samples tested positive for Cryptosporidium. The small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene of fifty-five samples were amplified and sequenced successfully and demonstrated that Cryptosporidium bovis (31/55, 56.4%) was the most common species, followed by C. parvum (16/55, 29.1%) and C. ryanae (5/55, 9.0%). Mixed infections of C. parvum and C. bovis (n = 2), C. ryanae and C. bovis (n = 1) were also detected. All three species were found in yaks ranging in age from <1 year, 1–2 years, to >2 years. Cryptosporidium was most commonly detected in spring (28.4%), followed by summer (20.9%), then winter (17.5%). Cryptosporidium parvum positive samples were subtyped using the 60 kDa glycoprotein (gp60) gene. Subtypes IIaA15G2R1 (n = 8), IIaA16G2R1 (n = 2), IIaA14G1R1 (n = 1), IIaA14G2R1 (n = 1) and IIaA16G3R1 (n = 1) were detected. All of these subtypes are zoonotic, and may pose a potential threat to human health.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Cryptosporidium in Yaks in Qinghai Province of China

Wang

Li³

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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“…However, a general trend was observed in many studies: the prevalence of Cryptosporidium declined with increases in age (17,18,31,32). In the present study, a 21.5% infection rate was seen in preweaned dairy calves, which was much higher than the 5.6% (27/485) in postweaned and adult dairy cattle reported in a recent Chinese study (21).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 45%

Characteristics of Cryptosporidium Transmission in Preweaned Dairy Cattle in Henan, China

et al. 2011

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To estimate the prevalence and public health significance of cryptosporidiosis in preweaned calves in China, 801 fecal samples from eight farms in seven areas in Henan Province were examined for Cryptosporidium oocysts. The overall infection rate of Cryptosporidium was 21.5%, with the farm in Xinxiang having the highest prevalence (40%). No significant difference in infection rates was observed between seasons. Cryptosporidium spp. were characterized by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene and DNA sequencing of the 60-kDa glycoprotein (gp60) gene. The SSU rRNA-based PCR identified four Cryptosporidium species, including Cryptosporidium parvum (54/172), C. bovis (65/172), C. ryanae (19/172), and C. andersoni (12/172), and the occurrence of infections with mixed species (22/172). The earliest detection of C. bovis was in calves of 1 week of age, showing that the prepatent period was shorter than the previously stated 10 to 12 days. Infections with C. parvum peaked in summer, whereas C. bovis dominated in autumn and winter. There was no apparent difference in the age of cattle infected with either C. parvum or C. bovis. Sequencing analysis of the gp60 gene showed all 67 C. parvum samples belonged to subtype IIdA19G1. These findings suggested that the transmission of Cryptosporidium spp. in preweaned calves in Henan, China, appeared to be different from other areas both at genotype and subtype levels. Further molecular epidemiologic studies (including samples from both calves and humans) are needed to elucidate the transmission dynamics and public significance of C. parvum in cattle in China.

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“…A previous report on Cryptosporidium in dairy cattle in Heilongjiang Province found that C. andersoni is the most prevalent and the predominant Cryptosporidium spp. in dairy cattle (Liu et al 2009). Because of the existence of host-adapted Cryptosporidium spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Molecular identification and distribution of Cryptosporidium and Giardia duodenalis in raw urban wastewater in Harbin, China

Liu

Wang

et al. 2011

Parasitol Res

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Contamination of the water supply by protozoa often causes outbreaks of cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis. The goals of the present study was to investigate the level of Cryptosporidium and Giardia duodenalis in wastewater from wastewater treatment plants in Harbin, China, and to understand the endemic transmission characteristics of cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis. Forty-eight domestic wastewater specimens from the two wastewater treatment plants in Harbin City were collected from April 2009 to March 2010. Cryptosporidium spp. and G. duodenalis assemblages were identified by PCR and sequencing of the 18S ribosomal RNA and the triosephosphate isomerase genes, respectively. In total, 15 wastewater specimens were PCR positive for Cryptosporidium and 23 were PCR positive for G. duodenalis. The prevalence of contamination with G. duodenalis (47.9%) was higher than that of Cryptosporidium (31.3%). Molecular identification showed the presence of two Cryptosporidium spp. (14 belonging to Cryptosporidium andersoni and one belonging to Cryptosporidium ubiquitum) and two G. duodenalis assemblages (18 belonging to assemblage AII and six belonging to assemblage B). In addition, eight specimens contained both Cryptosporidium and G. duodenalis, and one specimen contained G. duodenalis assemblages AII and B. These results suggested humans might be the primary source of G. duodenalis contamination in wastewater in the studied area. In contrast, a low prevalence of C. ubiquitum suggested a reduced risk of human cryptosporidiosis caused by C. ubiquitum via waterborne route. This work provides basic experimental data needed for local wastewater treatment plants to develop protective strategies for water safety and to eliminate waterborne parasites.

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Prevalence and distribution of Cryptosporidium spp. in dairy cattle in Heilongjiang Province, China

Cited by 52 publications

References 30 publications

Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Cryptosporidium in Yaks in Qinghai Province of China

Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Cryptosporidium in Yaks in Qinghai Province of China

Characteristics of Cryptosporidium Transmission in Preweaned Dairy Cattle in Henan, China

Molecular identification and distribution of Cryptosporidium and Giardia duodenalis in raw urban wastewater in Harbin, China

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