Prevalence and Factors Associated with Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigen and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Antibodies in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients Followed-Up in Lom&amp;#233;, Togo

Salou, Mounérou; Sabi, K.A.; Tevi, Amen; Ekouevi, Koumavi; Dossim, Sika; Lack, Fiali; Kolou, M; Dagnra, Yaotsè Anoumou

doi:10.4236/ojmm.2019.91003

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 14 publications

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“…In terms of the diagnosis methods, the prevalence rate of HBV detected using RDT was found to be lower than that of studies using ELISA. This may be due to the lower sensitivity of RDT compared to ELISA, with reported sensitivities of 70.0% and 78.0% in Togo and Gabon, respectively [ 57 , 58 ]. The performance of RDT can also be influenced by factors such low levels of HBsAg and HBV deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), HBV genotypes, specific brand of HBsAg tests used, and the HIV status of the individual [ 59 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Tanzania: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

Kilonzo,

Nkandala,

Rudovick

et al. 2024

Journal of Tropical Medicine

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Background and Aim. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection represents a significant burden in low‐income countries, including Tanzania. The effective planning and implementation of prevention strategies in a country can be hampered by conflicting evidence. To date, no systematic review or meta‐analysis has been performed to estimate the burden of disease in a country. The purpose of this review is to summarize and update the available information on the burden of HBV in Tanzania. Methods. We systematically searched the PubMed, Web of Science, African Journals Online, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases for studies conducted up to March 1, 2023, that estimated the prevalence of HBV in Tanzania based on HBV surface antigen measurements. The DerSimonian–Laird random effects model was used to estimate the overall prevalence of HBV with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Potential sources of heterogeneity were also investigated. Results. Thirty‐one studies with a total sample size of 37,988 were included in the meta‐analysis. The overall average HBV prevalence estimate in Tanzania was 6.91% (95% CI = 5.18–8.86%). Subgroup analysis revealed the highest prevalence in the northern zone (9.32%, 95% CI; 2.24–20.36%), among the blood donors (18.72%, 95% CI: 17.43–20.05%) and among the community volunteers (8.76%, 95% CI: 4.55–14.15%). The lowest prevalence was observed in the lake zone at 4.66% (95% CI: 3.49–5.99) and in pregnant women at 4.72% (95% CI: 3.42–6.21). The overall between‐study variability showed significant heterogeneity (I2 = 97.41%, P < 0.001). Conclusions. Our results showed that Tanzania is a country with moderately high HBV endemicity, with large interregional differences and significantly high numbers of HBV infections within the community. This underscores the need for immediate development of targeted prevention strategies and further epidemiological studies to better understand the pattern of the disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Tanzania: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

Kilonzo,

Nkandala,

Rudovick

et al. 2024

Journal of Tropical Medicine

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Burden of end-stage renal disease of undetermined etiology in Africa

Fiseha,

Osborne

2023

Ren Replace Ther

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In the last two decades, there have been increasing recognition of excess cases of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) requiring renal replacement therapy without common underlying causes (diabetes, hypertension, glomerulonephritis, or any identifiable cause) in many parts of low-to-middle income countries. ESRD of unknown etiology mainly affects young working-age adults and is a global health problem with substantial morbidity, mortality and disability. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the burden and outcomes of treated ESRD attributable to unknown etiology in African countries. Estimates indicate that up to 71% of adults and up to 53% children on dialysis suffer from ESRD due to unknown etiology. ESRD of unknown etiology affects mostly the economically productive young adults, males and those from rural areas. ESRD due to unknown etiology carries an almost twofold risk of mortality compared to traditional ESRD causes and account for up to 55% of the renal medical admissions burden. This review confirms that treated ESRD due to unknown etiology is a major public health issue in Africa. Future studies are urgent need for better characterizing the regional causative factors as well as for developing proactive and comprehensive approaches to prevent and treat this under-recognized disease.

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The prevalence and associated factors of hepatitis B and C virus in hemodialysis patients in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Adane

Getawa

2021

PLoS ONE

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Background Due to its invasive procedure patients on hemodialysis (HD) are at high risk of infections. Infections acquired in dialysis units can prolong hospitalization date and/or prolong illness in patients, and increase treatment cost. There are no adequate data on the prevalence of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in HD patients. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence and associated factors of HBV and HCV infections among HD patients in Africa. Method The databases PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane library, web of science, African Journals Online, Science Direct, and Google Scholar were searched to identify relevant studies. The review was performed based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Data were extracted independently by two authors and analyzed using STATA 11. A random-effect model was fitted to estimate the pooled prevalence with their 95% confidence interval. To detect publication bias funnel plots analysis and Egger weighted regression tests were done. Results The overall pooled prevalence of HBV and HCV infection among HD patients in Africa was 9.88% (95% CI: 7.20–12.56) I2 = 97.9% and 23.04% (95% CI: 18.51–2757) I2 = 99.6%, respectively. In addition, the pooled prevalence of HBV and HCV co-infection was 7.18% (95% CI: 3.15–11.20) I2 = 99.6%. Duration of dialysis was found to be the contributing factor for the occurrence of HBV and HCV among HD patients (OR = 1.44; 95% CI: 1.04, 2.01). Conclusion This study showed that there is high prevalence of HBV and HCV infections in HD patients in Africa. Therefore, strict adherence to precautions of infection control measures, isolation of seropositive patients, improvement in infrastructures, adequate screening of HBV and HCV for the donated blood, and decentralized HD services is needed to minimize the risk of HBV and HCV infections in HD facilities.

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Prevalence and Factors Associated with Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigen and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Antibodies in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients Followed-Up in Lomé, Togo

Cited by 3 publications

References 14 publications

Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Tanzania: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Tanzania: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

Burden of end-stage renal disease of undetermined etiology in Africa

The prevalence and associated factors of hepatitis B and C virus in hemodialysis patients in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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