Prevalence and genotypes of Rotavirus among children under 5 years presenting with diarrhoea in Moshi, Tanzania: a hospital based cross sectional study

Abstract

BackgroundDiarrhoea is a main cause of morbidity and mortality in children under 5 responsible for approximately four billion cases and 1.1 million deaths annually. In developing countries, it causes two million deaths each year. The major causative organism responsible is Rotavirus which is responsible for one-third of hospitalizations with approximately 40% mortality.ResultsThe prevalence of Rotavirus infection was 26.4% (73/277). The predominant strain of Rotavirus found was G1 21/73 (53.8%), followed by G8 9/73 (23.1%), G12 5/73 (12.8%), G9 3/73(7.7%) and G4 1/73 (2.6%). All serotypes identified were in children who had completed Rotavirus vaccination except for one who had G8 in whom the vaccine was introduced after they had completed immunizations.ConclusionThe overall prevalence of rotavirus has reduced from 33.2% in 2009 to 26.4% in 2016. We have found G1 to be the predominant serotype as well as other circulating serotypes namely G4, G8, G9 and G12. Despite a reduction in prevalence, there is a need for further rotavirus surveillance in the region.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13104-017-2883-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Rotavirus Infections Among Children Under Five Years in Mutaho Health District, Gitega Province and Bujumbura Municipality, Burundi

“…The burden of rotavirus gastroenteritis among under 5 years children in post vaccine era highlighted by this study was also reported in many countries including Tanzania in 2007 where the prevalence of rotavirus infections was 18.1% (Moyo et al, 2007), the Democratic republic of Congo (Heylen et al, 2014) and Kenya (Agutu et al, 2017). However, the overall prevalence of rotavirus infections observed in this study is lower than that reported in other studies conducted in other East African countries which reported a prevalence of 31.5% in Kenya, 26.4% in Tanzania and 45.4% in Uganda (Agutu et al, 2017;McHaile et al, 2017;Nakawesi et al, 2010). This could be attributed to differences in duration and period of study.…”

Rotavirus Burden, Genetic Diversity and Impact of Vaccine in Children under Five in Tanzania

“…This scenario is supported by the evidence of a moderate vaccine effectiveness of 54% in Mwanza and 53% in Zanzibar [21,33]. Also, there is evidence of vaccinated individuals shedding RVA strains in Arusha and Kilimanjaro [35,38]; however, it has not been determined whether the strains being shed are vaccine strains or circulating strains. Therefore, it is very important to ascertain the genetic relationship between circulating rotavirus strains from distinct geographical locations as compared with the strains in the vaccine used in Tanzania and elsewhere in this post-vaccine era.…”

“…The level of vaccine coverage was 85% 97%, 98%, 96%, and 100% in 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, and 2017, respectively [32]. Several studies were conducted to determine the prevalence and genetic diversity of rotavirus in children under five before and after rotavirus vaccine introduction [20][21][22]31,[33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44]. The purpose of this review article is to elucidate the genetic diversity of rotavirus, potential changes in strain type and the change in rotavirus burden after the introduction of the rotavirus vaccine in Tanzania.…”

Epidemiology of New Emerging and Re-Emerging Some Viral and Parasitic Food-Borne Zoonoses

“…G1, G2, G3, G4, G9 ve G12 grupları P [8] veya P [4] ile kombinasyonları dünya çapında dolaşımda olan serotiplerin %88'ini oluşturmaktadır. Afrika'da G8P [6], G8P [8] ve G12P [6] gibi G ile P tipi kombinasyonları yaygındır. Gelişmekte olan ülkelerde RV tiplerinin büyük çeşitliliğinin, hayvanlarla temasın sık olduğu toplumlarda, türler arası geçişten kaynaklandığı düşünülmektedir.…”

“…Beş yaşın altındaki çocuklarda akut gastroenterit nedeni ile hastaneye yatışların %40'ından RV'ler sorumlu tutulmaktadır. 6 Hayvan ve insanlardan izole edilen RV'ler morfolojik olarak birbirinden ayrılmamasına karşın serolojik olarak farklılık göstermektedir. RV'ler dünya genelinde yılda 450.000'den fazla çocuğun ölümüne neden olmaktadır.…”