Prevalence and genotyping of Cryptosporidium in three cattle husbandry systems in Zambia

Geurden, Thomas; Goma, Fy; Siwila, Joyce; Phiri, Isaac K.; Mwanza, A.M.; Gabriël, Sarah; Claerebout, Edwin; Vercruysse, Jozef

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2006.02.009

Cited by 84 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Exposure of infective oocysts to heat and direct sunlight , might reduce the oocyst viability, resulting in a reduced infection pressure and prevalence. Similar reflections were made for extensive cattle husbandry systems in Zambia (Geurden et al, 2006). The higher prevalence in small ruminants in the dry agroclimatic zone in Sri Lanka (Noordeen et al, 2000), was probably due to poor hygienic standards and nutrional stress, impairing the development of acquired immunity.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 53%

“…Both in lambs (Olson et al, 1997;Abd-El-Wahed, 1999;Majewska et al, 2000;Causape et al, 2002) and in goat kids (Rossanigo et al, 1987;Matos-Fernandez et al, 1993;Noordeen et al, 2000;Watanabe et al, 2005) the prevalence was rather low compared to prevalence studies in other parts of the world, although both for sheep and for goats 30% of the farms had at least one positive animal at the time of the visit. In Africa similar prevalences were found in extensively reared calves (Mtambo et al, 1997;Geurden et al, 2006) altough a higher calf prevalence was described in Uganda (Nizeyi et al, 2002). The low prevalence in small ruminats might be imputed to differences in climate and husbandry system.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 58%

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The prevalence and molecular characterisation of Cryptosporidium spp. in small ruminants in Zambia

Goma

Geurden

Siwila

et al. 2007

Small Ruminant Research

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Although Cryptosporidium spp. have been associated with diarrhea and mortality in sheep and goats, this is the first study to estimate the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in small ruminants in Southern Africa. Between August 2003 and February 2004, a cross-sectional study with single random sampling was carried out in three Zambian provinces: Central, Southern and Lusaka province. Faecal samples from lambs and goat kids less than 3 months of age were collected and examined using the TechLab Cryptosporidium ELISA. Faecal samples of 257 animals were collected: 152 lambs on 18 farms and 105 goat kids on 13 farms. The prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in lambs and goat kids was 12.5% and 4.8%, respectively and 30% of the sheep and goat farms had at least one positive animal at the time of the visit. A subset of the positive samples was withheld for molecular characterisation. Based on sequences obtained after amplification of the 70 kDa heat shock protein and the Cryptosporidium 18SrRNA gene, C. parvum was identified in all but one of the animals. In this lamb C. suis was identified. The results of the present study indicate that the animal prevalence in lambs and goats kids is rather low. However, the identification of C. parvum illustrates that small ruminants might be potential reservoir for human infection in Zambia.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 58%

The prevalence and molecular characterisation of Cryptosporidium spp. in small ruminants in Zambia

Goma

Geurden

Siwila

et al. 2007

Small Ruminant Research

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“…This level of ubiquity was also reported in a study done in Zambia using molecular and serological techniques (24) . Clearly, Cryptosporidium spp is a worldwide animal health challenge.…”

supporting

confidence: 76%

“…A significant association between diarrhea and Cryptosporidium infection at dairy ranches has been reported previously (24) . Animals with diarrhea therefore represent a high transmission risk, particularly for calves and immunodepressed individuals (19) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 76%

Prevalencia y posibles factores de riesgo en la excreción de ooquistes de Cryptosporidium spp en bovinos de Boyacá, Colombia

Pulido-Medellín

Andrade-Becerra

Rodríguez-Vivas

et al. 2015

RMCP

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El objetivo fue determinar la prevalencia y posibles factores de riesgo asociados a la excreción de ooquistes de Cryptosporidium spp en excremento de bovinos Holstein en fincas de producción lechera de Boyacá, Colombia. Se colectaron 100 muestras de materia fecal de bovinos hembras mediante estimulación rectal. Con la técnica de Ziehl Neelsen modificada se determinó la excreción de ooquistes de Cryptosporidium spp. Para conocer los posibles factores asociados se usó la prueba de Ji cuadrada teniendo como variable dependiente la presencia de ooquistes de Cryptosporidium spp y como independientes la presencia de diarrea (si, no), edad (<12 meses, >12 meses), finca de procedencia (1, 2, 3, 4) y estado reproductivo (gestante, vacía). Las variables con P<0,05 fueron analizadas mediante regresión logística. La prevalencia general de bovinos excretando ooquistes de Cryptosporidium spp fue de 48 % (48/100). Las explotaciones ganaderas estudiadas presentaron prevalencias de 11.1, 43.8, 50.8 y 66.6 % para las explotaciones 1, 2, 3 y 4 respectivamente (P>0.05). Las variables que durante el análisis con X2 tuvieron valores P<0.05 fueron edad y presencia de diarrea. Los bovinos con diarrea (OR= 2.99, P= 0.038) y <12 meses de edad (OR=9.42, P= 0.037) fueron los factores asociados a la excreción de ooquistes de Cryptosporidium spp. Los bovinos de fincas lecheras de Boyacá, presentan alta prevalencia de excreción de ooquistes de Cryptosporidium spp; bovinos con diarrea y menores de 12 meses de edad son los que presentaron el parásito con mayor frecuencia.

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“…Diversos autores também relataram que C. parvum é a espécie mais frequentemente encontrada em bezerros nos primeiros meses de vida (GEURDEN et al, 2006;COKLIN et al, 2009;KESHAVARZ et al, 2009). Apesar de C. andersoni não ser encontrado com mais frequência em bezerros nas primeiras semanas de vida, SANTÍN et al (2004), KVÁC et al (2006) e SEVÁ et al…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Diagnóstico de criptosporidiose em amostras fecais de bezerros por imunofluorescência direta e microscopia de contraste de fase

Teixeira

Coelho

Soutello³

et al. 2011

Cienc. Rural

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O presente estudo teve como objetivo comparar as técnicas de imunofluorescência direta (IFD) e a microscopia de contraste de fase em solução de Sheather (MCF), para detecção de oocistos de Cryptosporidium spp. em amostras fecais de bezerros. A determinação dos limiares detecção da IFD e da MCF foi realizada utilizando cinco alíquotas de uma amostra fecal de bezerro, comprovadamente negativa para Cryptosporidium spp., adicionadas com diferentes quantidades de oocistos de Cryptosporidium parvum. Ao exame das 5 alíquotas, a IFD e a MCF apresentaram, respectivamente, limiares de detecção de 3,3x104 (duas alíquotas positivas) e 3,3x105 oocistos (1 alíquota positiva) por grama de fezes. Foram também realizadas a comparação entre a positividade obtida e uma análise semiquantitativa do número de oocistos observados por campo de microscopia, em ambos os métodos, em 300 amostras fecais de bezerros. Entre as 300 amostras, 19,7% (59/300) foram positivas pela IFD, com diferença estatisticamente significante (P=0,0098) quando comparada com a positividade obtida pela MCF, que foi de 11,7% (35/300). As amostras positivas foram submetidas à reação em cadeia da polimerase para amplificação de fragmentos da subunidade 18S do rRNA, com posterior sequenciamento dos fragmentos amplificados, o que permitiu a identificação de Cryptosporidium andersoni em 11,9% (7/59) e de C.parvum em 88,1% (52/59) das amostras. Os resultados observados comprovam que a IFD foi mais eficiente que a MCF para detecção de oocistos de Cryptosporidium spp. em amostras fecais de bezerros.

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Prevalence and genotyping of Cryptosporidium in three cattle husbandry systems in Zambia

Cited by 84 publications

References 29 publications

The prevalence and molecular characterisation of Cryptosporidium spp. in small ruminants in Zambia

The prevalence and molecular characterisation of Cryptosporidium spp. in small ruminants in Zambia

Prevalencia y posibles factores de riesgo en la excreción de ooquistes de Cryptosporidium spp en bovinos de Boyacá, Colombia

Diagnóstico de criptosporidiose em amostras fecais de bezerros por imunofluorescência direta e microscopia de contraste de fase

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