Prevalence and impact of water-borne zoonotic pathogens in water, cattle and humans in selected villages in Dodoma Rural and Bagamoyo districts, Tanzania

Kusiluka, L.J.M.; Karimuribo, E. D.; Mdegela, Robinson H.; Luoga, E. J.; Munishi, P. K. T.; Mlozi, M. R. S.; Kambarage, D. M.

doi:10.1016/j.pce.2005.08.025

Cited by 20 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The current results are comparable with the findings of other studies (Hoar et al 2001;Kusiluka et al 2005 andKassa et al 2005). Other studies have found that thermophilic Campylobacter are common in cattle with the prevalence ranging between 5% and 89% (Stanley et al 1998;Hoar et al 2001, Hakkinen et al 2007) with the most dominant species being C. jejuni.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Occurrences of thermophilic Campylobacter in cattle slaughtered at Morogoro municipal abattoir, Tanzania

Nonga

Sells

Karimuribo

2009

Trop Anim Health Prod

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An investigation was conducted in Morogoro municipality to assess the likelihood of slaughter cattle posing public health risk of contaminating carcasses with thermophilic Campylobacter. Butchers and meat shopkeepers were interviewed on source of slaughter cattle, method of animal and carcass transportation, carcass dressing, meat storage facilities, access to clean water and availability of food hygiene practices. Faecal samples were collected from 107 slaughter cattle and after slaughter; four different parts of dressed carcasses (i.e. from ham, neck, pelvis and thigh muscles) were also sampled. In addition 107 cattle meat samples for Campylobacter culture were collected in different meat shops. The samples were subjected to standard bacteriological examination using Skirrows protocol. It was found that cattle slaughter, dressing and meat handling in meatshops was done under unhygienic condition. Thermophilic Campylobacter prevalence in slaughter cattle was 5.6% while contamination rate of dressed carcasses and cattle meat at shops was 9.3% and 1.9%, respectively. The majority of thermophilic Campylobacter isolated were C. jejuni (88.9%) while C. coli was isolated at 11.1%. Findings of this study suggest possibility of humans acquiring zoonotic Campylobacter infections from cattle meat particularly when meat preparation and processing is not done properly. More work is required to establish the magnitude of zoonotic enteric Campylobacteriosis in humans and epidemiological role of cattle and other animals in the study area.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Occurrences of thermophilic Campylobacter in cattle slaughtered at Morogoro municipal abattoir, Tanzania

Nonga

Sells

Karimuribo

2009

Trop Anim Health Prod

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“…Children below 5 years and the young are more affected by Campylobacter enteritis than adults (3, 22]. Preponderance of infection in younger children could be due to poor hygiene and sanitation, malnutrition, intimacy to animals, health status, feeding habits and poor immunity [3–6, 8, 28, 29]. In other studies, keeping animals in close proximity with humans was a risk factor for children infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increasing urbanization with animals living in closer proximity with humans is among risks for transmission of zoonotic diseases including campylobacteriosis. Spread of zoonotic diseases may be enhanced by poor hygiene and sanitation; malnutrition; poor health status; poor feeding habits; poor immunity and HIV and AIDS [3–8]. Thermophilic Campylobacter isolation rates of up to 70% have been reported in chickens [9], ducks 80% [10], beef 9.3% [11], pork 10.6% [12] and milk 13.4% (Kashoma, 2015; personal communication).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and RAPD-PCR typing of thermophilic campylobacters from children under five years and chickens in Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania

et al. 2016

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Background: Campylobacter species are gram negative and flagellated bacteria under the genus Campylobacter, family Campylobacteriaceae. These pathogens cause zoonotic infections among human and animal populations. This study was undertaken between December 2006 and May 2007 to determine prevalence, risk factors and genetic diversity of thermophilic Campylobacter isolates from children less than 5 years and chickens in Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania. Methods: The Skirrow's protocol was used for isolation and identification of Campylobacter from 268 human stool specimens and 419 chicken cloacal swabs. Patient biodata and risk factors associated with human infection were also collected. Genetic diversity of Campylobacter isolates was determined by a RAPD-PCR technique using OPA 11 primer (5′-CAA TCG CCG T-3′). Phylogenetic analysis and band pattern comparison were done by Bionumerics software and visual inspection. Results: Stool samples from 268 children and 419 cloacal swabs from chickens were analyzed. Prevalence of thermophilic Campylobacters in children was 19% with higher isolation frequency (p = 0.046) in males (23.5%) than females (13.8%). Campylobacter jejuni (78.4%) was more isolated (p = 0.000) than C. coli (19.6%) and 2% were unidentified isolates. In chickens, the prevalence was 42.5% with higher isolation rate (p = 0.000) of C. jejuni (87%) than C. coli (13%). Campylobacters were more frequently recovered (p = 0.000) from indigenous/ local chickens (75. 0%) followed by cockerels (52.2%), broilers (50.0%) and lowest in layers (22.7%). Keeping chickens without other domestic animals concurrently (p = 0.000), chicken types (p = 0.000) and flock size (p = 0.007) were risk factors for infection in chickens. One hundred and fifty two (152) thermophillic Campylobacter isolates were genotyped by RAPD-PCR of which 114 were C. jejuni (74 from chickens and 40 humans) and 38 C. coli (28 from chickens and 10 humans). Comparison of Campylobacter isolates from children and chickens revealed high diversity with only 6.1% of C. jejuni and 5.3% of C. coli being 100% genetically similar.

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“…To date thermophilic Campylobacter remain the most common cause of acute bacterial enteritis in humans worldwide [53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63], where the ingestion of contaminated chicken or poor food handling practices associated with raw chicken represents the primary route of transmission [64]. Despite all the acquired knowledge on Campylobacter organisms, including the publication of the complete genome sequence for C. jejuni, the prevalence of human infections remains high and there are still major problems in producing Campylobacter free poultry [65].…”

Section: Thermophilic Campylobacter In Poultrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Human and Animal Thermophilic Campylobacter infections in East African countries: Epidemiology and Antibiogram

Komba¹

2017

BJSTR

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Prevalence and impact of water-borne zoonotic pathogens in water, cattle and humans in selected villages in Dodoma Rural and Bagamoyo districts, Tanzania

Cited by 20 publications

References 7 publications

Occurrences of thermophilic Campylobacter in cattle slaughtered at Morogoro municipal abattoir, Tanzania

Occurrences of thermophilic Campylobacter in cattle slaughtered at Morogoro municipal abattoir, Tanzania

Epidemiology and RAPD-PCR typing of thermophilic campylobacters from children under five years and chickens in Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania

Human and Animal Thermophilic Campylobacter infections in East African countries: Epidemiology and Antibiogram

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