Prevalence and Incidence Rates of Dementia and Cognitive Impairment No Dementia in the Mexican Population

Abstract

Objective To estimate the prevalence and incidence of dementia and cognitive impairment without dementia (CIND) in the Mexican population. Methods The MHAS study is a prospective panel study of health and aging in Mexico with 7,000 elders that represent 8 million subjects nationally. Using measurements of cognition and activities of daily living of dementia cases and CIND were identified at baseline and follow up. Overall incidence rates and specific rates for sex, age and education were calculated. Results Prevalence was 6.1% and 28.7% for dementia and CIND, respectively. Incidence rates were 27.3 per 1,000 person-years for dementia and 223 per 1,000 persons-year for CIND. Rates of dementia and CIND increased with advancing age and decreased with higher educational level; sex had a differential effect depending on the age strata. Hypertension, diabetes and depression were risk factors for dementia but not for CIND. Discussion These data provide estimates of prevalence and incidence of dementia and cognitive impairment in the Mexican population for projection of future burden.

Prevalence of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Its Subtypes in the Mexican Population

“…The prevalence rate found in this study is consistent with a previous report of 6.1% in a similar sample [14]. In our current study, we further divided the MCI subtypes into mcd-MCI and na-MCI.…”

“…Some studies have reported prevalence based solely on screening tests. For example, two studies in which MCI was defined using a brief version of the Cross-Cultural Cognitive Examination reported a prevalence of 6.1-7.0% [13,14]. Hence, the primary goal of the current study was to estimate the prevalence of MCI and its subtypes in an elderly population, taking moderating factors into consideration including demographic factors and health status.…”

Determinantes asociados a depresión crónica e incidente en adultos mayores mexicanos

“…De entre ellas podemos mencionar la implementación de actividades para mejorar el contacto social, o la práctica de actividades físicas en grupo, las cuales han demostrado tener un efecto positivo en los AM con depresión 35 . Entre las limitaciones del presente trabajo debe señalarse que, si bien la población estudiada carece de representatividad nacional, la distribución de las características generales de esta población es similar a la reportada en encuestas nacionales, como la EN-SANUT 36 y la ENASEM 37,38 . Otra consideración es que mediciones como la soledad, la insatisfacción o la infelicidad pueden están relacionadas con el constructo de la depresión.…”

Clinical and Demographic Predictors of Conversion to Dementia in Mexican Elderly with Mild Cognitive Impairment

“…Only a few Mexican studies have included clinical and neuropsychological evaluations to identify different cognitive profiles in early stages of dementia. In Mexico, MCI has been poorly studied and its prevalence and incidence is varied, even in epidemiological reports 28 . A cross-sectional epidemiological study, called 10/66 Dementia Research Group, that included a large sample of middle-and low-income subjects, was carried out in Cuba, Dominican Republic, Mexico, Peru, Puerto Rico, Venezuela, China, and India with 15,376 Individuals aged 65+ without dementia.…”