Prevalence and mechanisms of resistance to fluoroquinolones in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli isolates recovered from dogs suffering from otitis in Greece

Vingopoulou, Elpida I.; Delis, Georgios; Batzias, Georgios; Kaltsogianni, Flora; Koutinas, A. F.; Kristo, Ioulia; Pournaras, Spyros; Saridomichelakis, M. N.; Siarkou, Victoria I.

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.11.024

Cited by 19 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The widespread use of ENR in clinical practice of small animals has led to a continuous increase of resistant isolates of P. aeruginosa associated to dog infections [37,42]. In the past decade, high percentages of resistance to ENR were reported in Europe for P. aeruginosa, as well as described in Croatia (51%) [43], Greece (44%) [44], France (67%) [45], and Italy (43%) [46]. In the present study, only one isolate (4.2%) was found to be resistant to ENR, showing a MIC >32 µg/mL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and pathogenic factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in canine clinical samples

et al. 2021

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Background and Aim: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a relevant opportunistic and difficult to treat pathogen due to its widespread environmental diffusion, intrinsic resistance to many classes of antimicrobials, high ability to acquire additional resistance mechanisms, and wide range of pathogenic factors. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of P. aeruginosa in canine clinical samples, the antimicrobial susceptibility against antipseudomonal antibiotics, and the presence of extracellular pathogenic factors of the isolates, as well as their ability to produce biofilm. Materials and Methods: Overall, 300 clinical specimens from dogs with pyoderma or abscesses (n=58), otitis (n=59), and suspected bladder infection (n=183) were analyzed by standard bacteriological methods. P. aeruginosa isolates were tested for their antimicrobial susceptibility by disk and gradient diffusion methods to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations. The ability of the isolates to produce biofilm was investigated by a microtiter plate assay, while virulence genes coding for elastase (lasB), exotoxin A (toxA), alkaline protease (aprA), hemolytic phospholipase C (plcH), and exoenzyme S (ExoS) were detected by polymerase chain reaction method. Results: A total of 24 isolates of P. aeruginosa were found in clinical specimens (urine n=3, skin/soft tissue n=6, and ear canal n=15). No resistance was found to ceftazidime, gentamicin, aztreonam, and imipenem (IMI), while low levels of resistance were found to enrofloxacin (ENR) (4.2%) and piperacillin-tazobactam (8.3%). However, 41.7% and 29.2% of the isolates showed intermediate susceptibility to ENR and IMI, respectively. Disk and gradient diffusion methods showed high concordance. The majority of the isolates revealed a weak (33.3%) or intermediate (45.8%) ability to form biofilm, while the strong biofilm producers (20.8%) derived exclusively from the ear canal samples. All isolates (100%) were positive for lasB, aprA, and plcH genes, while exoS and toxA were amplified in 21 (87.5%) and 22 (91.7%) isolates, respectively. Conclusion: In the present study, P. aeruginosa isolates from canine clinical samples were characterized by low levels of antimicrobial resistance against antipseudomonal drugs. However, the high presence of isolates with intermediate susceptibility for some categories of antibiotics, including carbapenems which are not authorized for veterinary use, could represent an early warning signal. Moreover, the presence of isolates with strong ability to produce biofilm represents a challenge for the interpretation of the antimicrobial susceptibility profile. In addition, the high prevalence of the extracellular pathogenic factors was indicative of the potential virulence of the isolates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and pathogenic factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in canine clinical samples

et al. 2021

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“…Differences observed between international results may be difficult to interpret due to differences in study design, methodology, drugs tested and breakpoints used. For instance, one study 40 reported 34.6–42.3% FQ resistance in isolates from cases of canine otitis, and another 41 reported resistance to FQs, TMS and gentamicin at 11.1%, 9.8% and 7.6% (respectively), and resistance to AMC, ampicillin and cephalothin at >97%. A further study 42 reported resistance to the same β‐lactam antibiotics (92.6–100.0%), FQs (12.3%) and gentamicin (6.6%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial susceptibility monitoring of canine and feline skin and ear pathogens isolated from European veterinary clinics: results of the ComPath Surveillance programme

Jong¹,

Youala²,

Garch³

et al. 2020

Veterinary Dermatology

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Background-The ComPath project is a pan-European programme dedicated to the monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibility of canine and feline pathogens using standardized methods and centralized minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination. Objectives-To report antimicrobial susceptibilities of major pathogens isolated from nontreated animals with acute clinical signs of skin, wound or ear infections in 2013-2014. Methods and materials-MICs were determined by agar dilution for commonly used drugs and interpreted using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) breakpoints, if available. Results-Of 1,676 isolates recovered, the main species isolated from dogs were Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, followed by Streptococcus spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. In cats, Pasteurella multocida, coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) and Staphylococcus aureus were isolated most frequently. Resistance rates observed for S. pseudintermedius were <26.7% for penicillin, clindamycin and chloramphenicol, and ≤11.5% for ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanate, cefalexin, cefovecin, gentamicin and fluoroquinolones. For S. aureus, resistance rates ranged up to 90.9% for b-lactams, and were 19.7% for clindamycin, 27% for fluoroquinolones and 0.0-6.1% for other drugs. The mecA gene was confirmed by PCR in 10.6% of S. pseudintermedius, 11.6% of CoNS and 31.4% of S. aureus isolates. In streptococci/enterococci, resistance to penicillin, ampicillin and chloramphenicol ranged from 0.0% to 11.3%, whereas fluoroquinolone resistance ranged from 0.0% to 8.5%. For E. coli, resistance ranged from 13.8 to 15.9% for fluoroquinolones and from 86.2% to 100.0% for b-lactams. Low rates of resistance (0.0-6.3%) were observed in P. multocida, and for P. aeruginosa resistance to gentamicin was 10.3%. Conclusion-Overall, antimicrobial resistance of cutaneous/otic pathogens isolated from dogs and cats was low (1-10%) to moderate (10-20%). For several pathogens, the paucity of CLSI recommended breakpoints for veterinary use is a bottleneck.

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“…Although P. aeruginosa infections in human medicine are well documented in South Africa (Mudau et al 2013 ; Odjadjare et al 2012 ; Perovic et al 2008 ), studies of P. aeruginosa infections in veterinary medicine could not be sourced. This is despite P. aeruginosa organisms having been reported as having high levels of resistance to commonly used antimicrobial agents such as penicillins, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides (Prescott et al 2003 ; Vingopoulou et al 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dogs with compromised immune systems and co-morbid conditions are at a higher risk of P. aeruginosa colonisation (Musser & Beamer 1961).Although P. aeruginosa infections in human medicine are well documented in South Africa (Mudau et al 2013;Odjadjare et al 2012;Perovic et al 2008), studies of P. aeruginosa infections in veterinary medicine could not be sourced. This is despite P. aeruginosa organisms having been reported as having high levels of resistance to commonly used antimicrobial agents such as penicillins, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides (Prescott et al 2003;Vingopoulou et al 2018). This study investigated the antimicrobial resistance patterns of P. aeruginosa from clinical samples obtained from dogs presented to a veterinary academic hospital in South Africa between January 2007 and December 2013.…”

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confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial resistance patterns of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from canine clinical cases at a veterinary academic hospital in South Africa

Eliasi

Sebola

Oguttu

et al. 2020

Journal of the South African Veterinary Association

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Although Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) can infect both animals and humans, there is a paucity of veterinary studies on antimicrobial resistance of P. aeruginosa in South Africa. Secondary data of canine clinical cases presented at the hospital from January 2007 to December 2013 was used. The following information was recorded: type of sample, the date of sampling and the antimicrobial susceptibility results. Frequencies, proportions and their 95% confidence intervals were calculated for all the categorical variables. In total, 155 P. aeruginosa isolates were identified and included in this study. All the isolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial (AMR), while 92% were multi-drug resistant (MDR). Most isolates were resistant to lincomycin (98%), penicillin-G (96%), orbifloxacin (90%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (90%) and doxycycline (87%). A low proportion of isolates was resistant to imipenem (6%), tobramycin (12%), amikacin (16%) and gentamicin (18%). A high proportion of MDR-P. aeruginosa isolates was resistant to amoxycillin-clavulanic acid (99%), tylosin (99%), chloramphenicol (97%) and doxycycline (96%). Few (6%) of MDR-P. aeruginosa isolates were resistant to imipenem. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was associated with infections of various organ systems in this study. All P. aeruginosa isolates of P. aeruginosa exhibited resistance to β-lactams, fluoroquinolones and lincosamides. Clinicians at the hospital in question should consider these findings when treating infections associated with P. aeruginosa.

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Prevalence and mechanisms of resistance to fluoroquinolones in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli isolates recovered from dogs suffering from otitis in Greece

Cited by 19 publications

References 34 publications

Occurrence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and pathogenic factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in canine clinical samples

Occurrence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and pathogenic factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in canine clinical samples

Antimicrobial susceptibility monitoring of canine and feline skin and ear pathogens isolated from European veterinary clinics: results of the ComPath Surveillance programme

Antimicrobial resistance patterns of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from canine clinical cases at a veterinary academic hospital in South Africa

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