Prevalence and phylogenetic analysis of HTLV‐1 in a segregated population in Iran

Rafatpanah, Houshang; Torkamani, Mahmood; Valizadeh, Narges; Vakili, Rosita; Meshkani, Baratali; Khademi, Hassan; Gerayli, Sina; Mozhgani, Sayed‐Hamidreza; Rezaee, Seyed Abdolrahim

doi:10.1002/jmv.24448

Cited by 26 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…[16][17][18] However, the prevalence of HTLV-1 was 10 times lower than North and Razavi Khorasan provinces (0.3% vs. 2-3%), 11 and even 4 times lower than a segregated population in this region close to South Khorasan. 12 On the other hand, in other studies on subjects at risk of these viruses in northeastern Iran, 1,[19][20][21] the sero-prevalence of blood-borne oncogenic viruses (HCV, HBV, HTLV-1 and KSHV infections) was reported to be considerably higher than our study. With respect to the present study, it is more likely that the source of HTLV-1 infection in Iran, as an archetypic virus, is in Razavi Khorasan, Neyshabour or Mashhad.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 81%

“…11 Even a segregated population in the Razavi Khorasan, close to South Khorasan, is endemic (1.25%) for this virus. 12 Given the importance of global growth of HTLV-1 along with the danger of its co-infections with other common blood-borne oncogenic viruses, it could provide new insights into the world of microbial pathogenicity. Therefore, in this study, the incidence of HTLV-1 infection and co-infections of BBVs in Birjand, Iran's eastern border, were evaluated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of HTLV-1 and Co-infections of Blood-Borne Viruses in Birjand, Iran’s Eastern Border

et al. 2020

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Background: Blood-borne viruses (BBVs) are one of the most important public health concerns. South Khorasan has a long border with Afghanistan and concern has risen there about blood-borne oncogenic viral infections. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence and associated risk factors of human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) and co-infections of BBVs in Birjand, Iran’s eastern border. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 3441 subjects were tested for sero-prevalence of HTLV-1 by ELISA. The data on demographic features, HTLV-1-related risk factors and other characteristics of the population were analyzed by Pearson chi-square and logistic regression tests. Finally, the co-infection of BBVs was evaluated in the study. Results: The prevalence of HTLV-1 was 0.3% (95% CI: 0.12–0.48). Notably, the sero-prevalence of HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis D virus (HDV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) in our previous studies was reported at 0%, 0.2%, 1.2% and 1.6%, respectively. The results indicated that the occurrence of HTLV-1 infection was associated only with the history of hospitalization (odds ratio [OR]: 0.27, 95% CI: 0.07–0.97, with P = 0.04). The co-infection of HBV with HCV was the most common (2.35%), while a co-infection rate of 1.17% was found for both HBV/HTLV-1 and HBV/HDV. Conclusion: Although a higher prevalence of the viruses was expected, it was close to the overall Iranian population. With respect to close relationship with an HTLV-1 endemic area (Mashhad and Neyshabour), the prevalence is very low; however, more attention is needed. Our findings reinforce the importance of increasing knowledge about BBV-related health risk behaviors to prevent the emergence of new cases, especially in low-risk populations.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of HTLV-1 and Co-infections of Blood-Borne Viruses in Birjand, Iran’s Eastern Border

et al. 2020

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“…The results of this study showed that HTLV-1 prevalence among blood donors of Babol was 0.2%. This finding showed that the rate of HTLV-1 infection in blood donors of Babol is lower than infection rate in endemic areas, such as Mashhad, Neyshbour, Sabzevar, and other non-endemic provinces, such as West Azarbaijan and Charmahal-Bakhtiari (6,(12)(13)(14)(15). However, the current results were almost similar to the HTLV-1 prevalence in blood donors of provinces, such as Alborz, Ilam, and Hormozgan (8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Human T- Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 in Blood Donors from Babol County Blood Transfusion Center: A Pilot Study From Northern Iran

Yahyapour

Aghajanipour

Mir

et al. 2017

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background: Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection is a major health problem that effects a variety of endemic regions, including the Northeast of Iran. There is a lack of information about HTLV-1 prevalence among blood donors from Mazandaran province, Northern Iran. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of HTLV-1 infection among blood donors in Babol County, the most populated county in Mazandaran province with screening and confirmatory assays. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 503 blood donors. Serum samples from each blood donor were screened for HTLV-1 specific antibodies using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Samples that were repeatedly reactive for HTLV-1 specific antibodies on serological screening were additionally confirmed by real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of HTLV-1 proviral DNA in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs). Results: Among 503 samples tested by serological enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), 13 samples (2.6%) were repeatedly reactive (i.e. on at least 2 of 3 occasions). All repeatedly reactive samples were examined for the presence of the HTLV-1 proviral DNA in PBMCs by real time PCR confirmatory test, of which 1 sample was positive, resulting in HTLV-1 prevalence of 0.2%. Conclusions: The present investigation contributes with new epidemiologic data reporting low prevalence rate for HTLV-1 among blood donors in Babol county of the Mazandaran province. Despite the low prevalence rate, the practice of screening of donated bloods in blood transfusion centers of Mazandaran province should be considered to decrease the risk of virus transmission in this region.

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“…To the best of the best of our knowledge, no previous phylogenetic studies were conducted in Tehran and Urmia. Previous studies in Iran, such as Sabzevar, Torbat‐e Heydarieh, and Mashhad revealed that HTLV‐1 genotype belongs to the subtype a and the related subgroup was only reported in a recent study in Mashhad . Studied populations in these surveys were varied; studies about people born in Mashhad show that the HTLV‐1 genotype belongs to the cosmopolitan clade .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic analysis of HTLV‐1 in Iranian blood donors, HIV‐1 positive patients and patients with beta thalassemia

Pirayeshfard

Sharifi

Amini-Kafiabad

et al. 2018

Journal of Medical Virology

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Human T-cell lymphoma virus (HTLV) has been associated with various disease types. Since the discovery of the virus in 1980, seven subtypes of the virus have been identified. HTLV is widespread and endemic in some regions, such as Japan, Africa, South America, and northeast Iran. This study aimed to identify HTLV-1 genotype and also to analyze the nucleotide sequence of the LTR region in three groups, including blood donors, HIV-1+ patients, and β-thalassemia patients. In this cross-sectional study, 2200 samples were collected from blood donors in Tehran (2000 samples), HIV-1+ patients (100 samples) and β-thalassemia patients (100 samples). All samples were screened for anti-HTLV-I&II antibodies by ELISA. Then, genomic DNA was extracted from repeatedly positive samples, and nested PCR was performed for both the TAX and LTR regions. Purified PCR products were sequenced and analyzed, and finally, a phylogenetic tree was constructed using Mega7 software. The prevalence of the anti-HTLV-I&II antibody among blood donors and HIV-1+ patients was 1.7% (34/2000) and 12% (12/100), respectively. The PCR results confirmed that 0.05% (1/2000) of blood donors, 5% (5/100) of HIV-1+ patients, and 8% (8/100) of β-thalassemia patients were HTLV-I positive. All sequences were matched to HTLV-1 subtype a, subgroup A. Our phylogenetic analysis revealed that all sequenced samples belong to the endemic clusters of Iran. HTLV-1 genotypes in all samples were similar in three groups and were derived from the strains, which had been previously reported from Iran (AF00300/Mashhad and KT190712.1/Sabzevar).

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Prevalence and phylogenetic analysis of HTLV‐1 in a segregated population in Iran

Cited by 26 publications

References 29 publications

Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of HTLV-1 and Co-infections of Blood-Borne Viruses in Birjand, Iran’s Eastern Border

Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of HTLV-1 and Co-infections of Blood-Borne Viruses in Birjand, Iran’s Eastern Border

Human T- Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 in Blood Donors from Babol County Blood Transfusion Center: A Pilot Study From Northern Iran

Phylogenetic analysis of HTLV‐1 in Iranian blood donors, HIV‐1 positive patients and patients with beta thalassemia

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