Prevalence and Predictors of HIV among Chinese Tuberculosis Patients by Provider-Initiated HIV Testing and Counselling (PITC): A Multisite Study in South Central of China

Abstract

BackgroundTuberculosis (TB) and HIV are two worldwide public health concerns. Co-infection of these two diseases has been considered to be a major obstacle for the global efforts in reaching the goals for the prevention of HIV and TB.MethodA comprehensive cross-sectional study was conducted to recruit TB patients in three provinces (Guangxi, Henan and Sichuan) of China between April 1 and September 30, 2010.ResultsA total of 1,032 consenting TB patients attended this survey during the study period. Among the participants, 3.30% were HIV positive; about one quarter had opportunistic infections. Nearly half of the participants were 50 years or older, the majority were male and about one third were from minority ethnic groups. After adjusting for site, gender and areas of residence (using the partial/selective Model 1), former commercial plasma donors (adjusted OR [aOR] = 33.71) and injecting drug users(aOR = 15.86) were found to have significantly higher risk of being HIV-positivity. In addition, having extramarital sexual relationship (aOR = 307.16), being engaged in commercial sex (aOR = 252.37), suffering from opportunistic infections in the past six months (aOR = 2.79), losing 10% or more of the body weight in the past six months (aOR = 5.90) and having abnormal chest X-ray findings (aOR = 20.40) were all significantly associated with HIV seropositivity (each p<0.05).ConclusionsHIV prevalence among TB patients was high in the study areas of China. To control the dual epidemic, intervention strategies targeting socio-demographic and behavioral factors associated with higher risk of TB-HIV co-infection are urgently called for.

Predictors of Tuberculosis in HIV/AIDS Patients Referred to Behavioral Diseases Consultation Center: A Registry-Based Study in Abadan, Southwest of Iran

“…On the other hand, previous studies have shown that patients with TB that had a history of drug use compared to non-addicts people were more likely prone to acquire AIDS (15,16). Multivariate regression analysis in this study revealed that drug abuse can be an important risk factor for incidence of TB in HIV positive patients.…”

Tuberculosis-HIV Co-infection Rate among Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients and Associated Risk Factors in Southern Ethiopia

“…This might be the main reason for higher HIV infection among alcohol drinking patients. It was in agreement with one study carried out in south central china (Xu et al, 2014). TB patients previously diseased by the same health problem were more likely to be infected with HIV in the present study.…”

“…Prevalence of HIV infection among smear-positive pulmonary TB was 6.8 % (15/220). It was in agreement with the rate estimated by Datiko and co investigators in rural area of Gamo Goffa zone and the national estimate of TB-HIV co-infection in Ethiopia, Angola (Datiko et al, 2008 andWHO, 2013) and also in south central China (Xu et al, 2014), Gambia (Hill et al, 2006), and in some districts of India (Seth, 2011). However, it was in contrast to most studies carried out in Ethiopia (Alemie andGebreselassie, 2014 andTadesse andTadesse, 2013), South Africa [Louwajie andAyo-Yosuf , 2013 andJohn et al, 2007), Tanzania (Macpherson et al, 2011), Brazil (Carvalho et al, 2008 Nigeria (Erhabor et al, 2010, Olugbue and Onuoha, 2012and Pennap et al, 2010, in eastern and western European countries and European economic areas (Pinpin et al, 2011) and Kenya (Nymagoba et al, 2012).…”

Tuberculosis-associated mortality in Shanghai, China: a longitudinal study

“…8 Deaths among people with both HIV and tuberculosis are classified as deaths from HIV in ICD-10. Due to a low percentage of HIV-positive people in the study population (0.28–3.30%), 9 , 10 all participants were assumed to be HIV-negative. The case-fatality rate is defined as the risk of death from tuberculosis among people diagnosed with active tuberculosis.…”