Prevalence and risk factors associated with prehypertension and hypertension among attendants of patients at a rural tertiary care institute of Haryana

Abstract

Background: Hypertension (HTN) is the leading risk factor for death and disability globally and disproportionately impacts low-and middle-income countries. HTN is present in 25% of urban and 10% of rural subjects in India. Our objective was to estimate the prevalence of pre-HTN and HTN among the attendants of patients at a rural tertiary care institute of Haryana.Methods: This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study. A total of 309 attendants of patients were enrolled for this study. Diagnosis of pre-HTN and HTN was done on the basis of seventh joined national committee guidelines. Data were collected on a semi-structured proforma and were analysed by using R software.Results: The prevalence of pre-HTN and HTN was 18.4% and 21.4% respectively. Both the pre-HTN and HTN were significantly higher in males (p=0.002) and in the age group of 45 to 55 years (p<0.001). The multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed that sex, age >55 years and BMI >23 kg/m2 were significantly associated with pre-HTN and HTN.Conclusions: The prevalence of both prehypertension and hypertension is high in rural Haryana. This makes the people of this area vulnerable to several chronic diseases. The findings warrant urgent measures to lower the risk factors in rural communities. So, programs are needed to improve the surveillance systems and implementation of community based screening programs for early detection of hypertension.

e Health initiatives for screening and management of hypertension in Rural Rajasthan

“…The mean age of hypertension is higher compared to other studies. [ 7 ] Studies have shown high prevalence of hypertension among men than among women[ 5 7 12 ] as in the present study; also, the mean systolic blood pressure is in line with other studies. [ 5 ]…”

“…When compared to other rural studies in India using JNC 7 criteria, the prevalence of hypertension (19.1%) in our study is similar[ 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 ] to that reported in other studies. Basu P[ 15 ] and Godara R[ 16 ] reported 32.6% and 21% prevalence of hypertension, respectively, among adults in underserved areas of Rajasthan, India.…”

“…Prevalence of prehypertension (38.9%) in our study is similar[ 5 ] but higher than some other studies,[ 6 7 ] but the mean age of prehypertension (36.8 years ± 14.2) is lower in comparison to other studies. Similar to the present study, high prevalence of prehypertension among men than women has been shown;[ 5 6 7 ] also, mean systolic blood pressure is lower compared to other studies. [ 6 ] Higher prevalence can be due to the methodology used, i.e., all above 18 years were screened instead of just a sample.…”

The prevalence and predictors of high blood pressure in Kherameh cohort study: a population based study on 10663 persons in south of Iran

“…The present study aimed to highlight the major predictors of pre-HTN and HTN among people aged 40-70 years in Kherameh. The estimated crude prevalence rate of pre-HTN was 18.8%, which was consistent with the rate found in Rani's study (18.4%) [21], but lower than the rate reported in China (32.3%), Brazilian adults (36.1%) [22], and Iranian adults in Tehran province (35.4%) [23]. Moreover, the crude prevalence rate of HTN was 27.7%, which was comparable to the results of a study conducted in southern India (27%) [24].…”

Identifying Pre-hypertensives in the Community: At Risk Approach for Prevention of Hypertension

“…In a similar study conducted by Rani B et al in Haryana, the highest prevalence of pre-hypertension, 33% was observed in the age group of 35-40 years and this association was also found to be significant. (p<0.01) [25] Tripathy JP et al found that 43.8% of the pre-hypertensives belonged to the age group of 25 to 44 years. [23] Khanam MA et al reported 37.3% prevalence of pre-hypertension in the age group of 25-39.…”