Prevalence and risk factors for depression and anxiety in Chinese patients with Parkinson disease

Abstract

Background: Anxiety and depression are common in Parkinson disease and both are important determinants of quality of life in patients. Several risk factors are identified but few research have investigated general and Parkinson's disease (PD)-specific factors comprehensively. The aim of this work was to explore PD-specific and -non-specific risk factors for PD with depression or anxiety. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was performed in 403 patients with PD. Multivariate logistic analysis was used to investigate the prevalence and risk factors for the depression and anxiety in PD. The data of patients included demographic information, medicine history, disease duration, age at onset (AAO), family history, anti-parkinsonism drug, modified Hoehn and Yahr staging (H-Y) stage, scales of motor and non-motor symptoms and substantia nigra (SN) echogenic areas. Results: 403 PD patients were recruited in the study. Depression and anxiety were present in 11.17% and 25.81% respectively. Marital status, tumor, higher Movement Disorder Society-sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) II score, dyskinesia, higher Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) score and lower the Parkinson's disease sleep scale (PDSS) score were associated with depression in PD. female gender, higher rapid eye movement behavior disorder Questionnaire-Hong Kong (RBD-HK) score, higher Hamilton Deprssion Rating Scale (HAMD) score, higher the scale for outcomes in PD for autonomic symptoms (SCOPA-AUT)score and larger SN echogenic areas were associated with anxiety. Neither depression nor anxiety was related to any anti-parkinsonism drugs. Conclusions: The prevalence of depression and anxiety in the current PD patients was 11.17% and 25.81% respectively. Disease of tumor, currently having no partner, severer motor function, dyskinesia, poorer sleep quality and anxiety were risk factors for PD with depression. Female, depression, rapid eye movement behavior disorder (RBD), autonomic dysfunction and larger SN area were risk factors for PD with anxiety.

Learning Phenotypic Associations for Parkinson’s Disease with Longitudinal Clinical Records

“…13 These regions are implicated in the control of daytime sleepiness, mood, and autonomic function. 2,3,14 Other pathological studies also supported such associations. 15,16 Our results add strength to the evidence that lesions in these regions can act as confounders of these dysfunctions.…”

“…In order to uncover the underlying mechanisms of PD, there is an urgent need for identifying relationships among its heterogeneous phenotypic features. Typically, most of the existing cohort studies focus on a single specific feature and its relationships to other factors, [1][2][3][4] relying on statistical testing, univariate or multivariate regression. However, these approaches require hypotheses of the independent and dependent features to be tested, and hence may not be appropriate to detect the complex correlations among the heterogeneous features of PD (see Figure 1).…”

Impacto dos sintomas de ansiedade na qualidade de vida na doença de Parkinson: uma revisão sistemática

“…Considerando os aspectos demográficos, evidenciou--se uma maior prevalência de ansiedade nas mulheres com DP 9,17,20,26 . Essa evidência é atestada, já que diante dos critérios para diagnóstico de ansiedade, o sexo feminino é considerado um dos fatores de risco para a presença de ansiedade 36,37 . Além disso, num recente estudo de Broen et al 13 utilizando um instrumento específico para avaliação da ansiedade na DP, o Parkinson Anxiety Scale (PAS), o sexo feminino foi considerado um importante fator associado à ansiedade persistente e episódica 13 .…”

“…Corroborando essa interpretação, Hurtado--Gonzalez et al 34 destacam que a sobreposição dos sintomas motores foi uma das variáveis que influenciou seu desfecho. Da mesma forma, a presença de sintomas motores como a bradicinesia, distonia e discinesia também se mostrou preditiva de altas taxas de ansiedade 37,39,42,43 . Ademais, flutuações nos sintomas de ansiedade podem ocorrer paralelamente às flutuações motoras 44 , o que tornaria a análise do impacto da ansiedade ainda mais difícil, visto que a percepção de QV também poderia mudar de acordo com os níveis de ansiedade.…”

Efeitos da administração aguda do Canabidiol na ansiedade e nos tremores induzidos pelo teste de simulação de falar em público em pacientes com doença de Parkinson

“…Os sintomas não motores desempenham um papel importante, já que podem associarse a ansiedade, inclusive mostrando um impacto considerável na qualidade de vida (QV) (Bugalho et al, 2016;Jones et al, 2015). Um estudo buscou identificar os fatores de risco específicos e não específicos para ansiedade na DP e encontrou que a depressão foi um dos principais fatores associados à ansiedade na DP (Cui et al, 2017). Sabe-se que a manifestação da ansiedade na DP está intimamente ligada à depressão, já que a ansiedade geralmente coexiste com depressão (Pontone et al, 2011Yamanishi et al, 2013Fan, Chang, Wu, 2016) e pode inclusive manifestar-se anteriormente ao aparecimento da depressão na DP (Tandberg, Larsen, Aarsland & Cummings, 1996).…”