Prevalence and risk factors of glaucoma in an adult population from Shahroud, Iran

Hashemi, Hassan; Mohammadi, Massood; Zandvakil, Narges; Khabazkhoob, Mehdi; Emamian, Mohammad Hassan; Shariati, Mohammad; Fotouhi, Akbar

doi:10.1016/j.joco.2018.05.003

Cited by 30 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(60 reference statements)

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“…They also estimated that the population with PACG would be 13.43 million (95% CI = 4.01–31.79) in 2020 and 17.51 million (95% CI = 5.21–41.37) in 2040. Our estimated PACG prevalence of Asia is slightly lower than Tham et al (1.09%, 95% CI = 0.43–2.32%) ( 6 ), which might be due to the newly included seven studies ( 51 – 53 , 55 – 58 ) conducted after the year 2012, which accounted for more than half of the Asian participants (64,380 of 110,833) in this meta-analysis. Our study provides a more up-to-date PACG prevalence.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

Prevalence of Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma in the Last 20 Years: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

et al. 2021

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Purpose: This meta-analysis aims to investigate the worldwide prevalence of primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) and its risk factors in the last 20 years.Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 37 population-based studies and 144,354 subjects. PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched for cross-sectional or cohort studies published in the last 20 years (2000–2020) that reported the prevalence of PACG. The prevalence of PACG was analyzed according to various risk factors. A random-effects model was used for the meta-analysis.Results: The global pooled prevalence of PACG was 0.6% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.5–0.8%] for the last 20 years. The prevalence of PACG increases with age. Men are found less likely to have PACG than women (risk ratio = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.53–0.93, p < 0.01). Asia is found to have the highest prevalence of PACG (0.7%, 95% CI = 0.6–1.0%). The current estimated population with PACG is 17.14 million (95% CI = 14.28–22.85) for people older than 40 years old worldwide, with 12.30 million (95% CI = 10.54–17.57) in Asia. It is estimated that by 2050, the global population with PACG will be 26.26 million, with 18.47 million in Asia.Conclusion: PACG affects more than 17 million people worldwide, especially leading a huge burden to Asia. The prevalence of PACG varies widely across different ages, sex, and population geographic variation. Asian, female sex, and age are risk factors of PACG.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

Prevalence of Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma in the Last 20 Years: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

et al. 2021

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“…Previous studies have shown that the prevalence of glaucoma in men was higher than that in women. 38 This study was consistent with previous research results in which the incidence of high IOP was 3.96% in men and 3.31% in women. Although studies have shown that IOP was associated with cardiovascular risk factors, 11 , 39 , 40 the results were inconsistent.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Gender-Specific Association Between Serum Uric Acid and Incident High Intraocular Pressure in Chinese Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

Liu

Liú

Yan

et al. 2020

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between high intraocular pressure (IOP) and uric acid. Methods In a retrospective cross-sectional study, 19,147 participants were included in 2018. Serum uric acid (SUA) was cut to four groups as Q1 to Q4, according to the quartiles. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of different SUA levels were estimated by a binomial logistic regression model in men and women. A restrictive cubic spline method was used to estimate the dose-response relationship between uric acid and high IOP. Subgroup analysis was performed to find the gender-specific association between uric acid and high IOP. Results In women, after adjusting for confounding factors, the Q3 and Q4 of SUA levels were significantly associated with the risk of high IOP. The OR with 95% CI for Q3 and Q4 were 1.77 (1.22, 2.57) and 1.51 (1.01, 2.26), respectively, Q1 as a reference. For men, SUA levels were not associated with the incidence of high IOP. Moreover, the spline analysis found an inverted U‐shaped relationship between uric acid and high IOP in women ( P = 0.0171). Conclusions Elevated levels of SUAwere independently associated with an increased risk of high IOP in women, but not in men. In addition, uric acid had an inverse U-shaped nonlinear dose-response relationship with high IOP in women.

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“…Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide and is associated with a reduced quality of life [3]. Risk factors include age and frailty, gender, myopia, genetics, family history, smoking, race, systemic hypotension and hypertension, vasospasm, use of systemic or topical steroids, migraine, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, and most significantly, increased IOP [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Glaucoma: The Past, Present, and Predictions for the Future

Allison

Patel

Alabi

2020

Cureus

299

197

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Glaucoma is a multifactorial optic degenerative neuropathy characterized by the loss of retinal ganglion cells. It is a combination of vascular, genetic, anatomical, and immune factors. Glaucoma poses a significant public health concern as it is the second leading cause of blindness after cataracts, and this blindness is usually irreversible. It is estimated that 57.5 million people worldwide are affected by primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). People over 60 years of age, family members of those already diagnosed with glaucoma, steroid users, diabetics, as well as those with high myopia, hypertension, central cornea thickness of <5 mm, and eye injury are at an increased risk of glaucoma. By 2020, it is expected that approximately 76 million people will suffer from glaucoma with that number estimated to reach 111.8 million by 2040. In this article, we perform an extensive literature review focusing on the epidemiology of glaucoma and try to determine the number of people affected; we categorize them by sex, location, and level of income. Furthermore, we strive to estimate the future projection of the disease in the next 20 years (2040) while determining the disease burden, including the cost involved in treating and preventing the disease and the disease and disability projection of glaucoma.

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Prevalence and risk factors of glaucoma in an adult population from Shahroud, Iran

Cited by 30 publications

References 62 publications

Prevalence of Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma in the Last 20 Years: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

Prevalence of Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma in the Last 20 Years: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

Gender-Specific Association Between Serum Uric Acid and Incident High Intraocular Pressure in Chinese Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

Epidemiology of Glaucoma: The Past, Present, and Predictions for the Future

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