Prevalence and Risk Factors of Mastitis and Isolation, Identification and Antibiogram of Staphylococcus Species from Mastitis Positive Zebu Cows in Toke Kutaye, Cheliya, and Dendi Districts, West Shewa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia

Abstract

Purpose Mastitis is one of the major global problems severely affecting the dairy sector. Staphylococcus species are the primary bacteria consistently identified from mastitic milk. This study was aimed to estimate the prevalence of mastitis, isolate Staphylococcus species, determine risk factors, and the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Staphylococcus species from mastitic Zebu cows in West Shewa Zone, Ethiopia. Materials and Methods A total of 404 lactating Zebu cows were tested for mastitis. Isolation and identification of Staphylococcus from mastitis positive samples were done by bacteriological culture and biochemical tests. Further identification of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS) species and antimicrobial susceptibility test of the Staphylococcus aureus and the CNS was done by the Phoenix machine. Descriptive statistics was used to summarize the prevalence of mastitis while the Chi-square test and logistic regression were used to determine the association between the prevalence of mastitis and the risk factors and the magnitude of association, respectively. Results The present study showed an overall cow and quarter level mastitis prevalence of 30.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]:26.0–35.2) and 8.3% (95% CI 7.0–9.8), respectively. The quarter level isolation rate of Staphylococcus species was 38.6% (95% CI: 30.1–47.6). Five Staphylococcus species namely S. intermedius, S. hyicus, S. aureus, S. lentus , and S. sciuri were identified. The latter two are CNS and were identified for the first time in Ethiopia. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed none of the isolates of S. aureus , 100% of S. sciuri , and 87.5% of S. lentus species were multidrug-resistant. The independent predictors of mastitis (p<0.05) were the age of the cows, stage of lactation, type of housing, the interval of bedding cleaning, and previous history of mastitis. Conclusion The study showed a high prevalence of mastitis, Staphylococcus species, and multidrug resistant S. lentus , and S. sciuri in Zebu cows.

Study on Prevalence of Bovine Mastitis and Associated Risk Factors in Dairy Farms of Modjo Town and Suburbs, Central Oromia, Ethiopia

“…The present study results, however, were much higher than the result of Dabele et al 7 3.2% in selected districts of West Shewa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia, Bedacha and Menghistu, 35 5.3% (15/278) in Batu districts, Bitew et al 38 3% (9/302), Moges et al 44 in the Gondar district by 0.93% (3/322) and Dabash et al 18 8.3% (12/144). This variance in mastitis prevalence between studies might indicate that the illness is complicated, interacting with a number of factors, including management methods, husbandry systems, the environment, causal factors, veterinary service coverage, and a lack of intermammary infusion.…”

“…This finding was higher than the outcome of Zeryehun and Abera, 9 51.8% (199/247) in the Eastern Harrarghe zone, Tuke et al 12 51.44% (71/138) in Alage dairy farm, Zeryehun et al 28 55.1% (275/373) in Addis Ababa, Bedane et al, 34 38.8% (175/460) in Asella, and Mekibib et al, 13 44.6% (52/107) in Holeta district, Workineh et al 42 38.2% (71/186) from two major Ethiopian dairies. The results of this research were far higher than the outcomes of Bedacha and Menghistu, 35 40.6% (113/278) in Batu district, Belina et al, 20 40.7% (192/471) in North Shewa, and Borana pastoral area, Sori et al 43 36.67% (66/180) in Sebeta district, Moges et al, 44 31.67% (102/322) in Gondar district, Dabele et al 7 27.2% in three districts of West Shewa Zone, Bitew et al 38 25.2% (76/302) in Bahir Dar districts, and Kitila et al 17 22.7% in west Wollega, western Oromia, Ethiopia and lower than the findings of Dabash et al, 18 who found 80.6% (116/144) in North Shewa zone of Ethiopia.…”

“…In addition, the farms were categorized into small, medium, and large-scale dairy farms based on the dairy cows in the farm. The study animals were classified as young (3-6 years), adult (6)(7)(8)(9), and old (>9) based on their dentition. 29…”

“…Local milk production fails to meet the milk requirements of the country because of low inputs and common cattle health conditions. [4][5][6][7] The growth of the Ethiopian dairy sector will dramatically reduce poverty and nutrition in the region. Nevertheless, in many African countries, this consumer-orientated milk processing, a fast-growing system, is subject to intensification diseases like mastitis and reproductive disorders.…”

Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Factor of Streptococcus dysgalactiae Isolated from Clinical Bovine Mastitis Cases in Northwest China

“…1 It is a kind of topical inflammation reaction, mainly due to the invasion of mammary gland tissue by microorganism. 2,3 S. dysgalactiae has become the major cause behind several mammalian infections, which can lead to streptococcal mastitis/endometritis in domestic mammals and skin lesions, meningitis, and bacteremia in humans. 4 In Swedish and other countries, it is recognized as the most common causative pathogens of bovine mastitis.…”