Prevalence and risk factors of asthma-like symptoms and allergic rhinitis in preschool children

Шахова, Н. В.; Камалтынова, Е. М.; Лобанов, Ю. Ф.; Ardatova, T S; Nikolaeva, K S

doi:10.18093/0869-0189-2017-27-5-636-642

Cited by 2 publications

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“…В настоящей статье представлены выборочные результаты исследования распространенности, клинико-аллергологической характеристики и факторов риска АР. [15].…”

Section: дизайн исследованияunclassified

Allergic Rhinitis in Pre-School Children Living in Urban Settings of the Altai Region: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Шахова¹,

Камалтынова²,

Lobanov³

et al. 2018

Vopr. sovr. pediatr.

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Background.It is necessary to study the prevalence and risk factors of allergic rhinitis (AR) among pre-school children in order to develop a disease prevention strategy.Objective.Our aim was to study the prevalence, clinical and allergological features, and risk factors for AR in pre-school children living in urban settings of the Altai Region.Methods.At the screening stage, the study enrolled children aged 3–6 years attending pre-school educational institutions in 5 cities of the Altai Region. AR symptoms were determined using the ISAAC questionnaire. The AR was diagnosed if ≥ 2 symptoms (rhinorrhea, nasal breathing difficulty, itching in the nasal cavity, repetitive sneezing) lasted ≥ 1 h with a positive prick test and/or a blood level of specific IgE > 0.35 kU/L to at least one allergen (total 11).Results.The prevalence of AR in urban children aged 3–6 years (n = 3,205) was 10.6%; 48% of them were previously diagnosed with AR. 85% of children had a persistent course of the disease; 69% had mild AR. Most often, there was established sensitization to house dust mites (61.6%), birch pollen (40.9%), and cat fur (19.4%). The risk factors for AR were family history of allergies [odds ratio (OR) 4.2; 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.5–5.9], masculine (OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.9–4.0), smoking parents (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.2–2.9), nonadherence to a regimen/dosage of vitamin D3 intake in infancy (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.2–2.8), presence of asthma-like symptoms (OR 10.2, 95% CI 7.2–14.5), and manifestations of atopic dermatitis (OR 6.0, 95% CI 4.2–8.5).Conclusion.AR occurs in every tenth pre-school child (mainly of mild severity and persistent course), every second disease among them was diagnosed for the first time. Sensitization occurs to typical for childhood allergens. The risk factors for AR are family history of allergies, masculine, passive smoking, ignoring the recommendations of taking vitamin D3 in infancy, the presence of atopic dermatitis, and asthma-like symptoms.

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Section: дизайн исследованияunclassified

Allergic Rhinitis in Pre-School Children Living in Urban Settings of the Altai Region: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Шахова¹,

Камалтынова²,

Lobanov³

et al. 2018

Vopr. sovr. pediatr.

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Bronchial asthma in pre-school children living in urban areas of the Altay Krai: a population-based cross-sectional study

Шахова

Камалтынова

Lobanov

et al. 2019

Pulʹmonologiâ (Mosk.)

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The objective of the study was to investigate prevalence, clinical and allergological features, and risk factors of bronchial asthma in pre-school children living in urban areas of Altay Krai. Methods. This was a cross-sectional study involving 3,205 children (age, 3 to 6 years) attending pre-school facilities in 5 cities of the Altay Krai. Asthma symptoms were defined using the ISAAC questionnaire. Asthma was diagnosed by clinicians according to GINA. Results. Prevalence of asthma in urban children aged 3 to 6 years was 5.7%; 62.7% of them were previously diagnosed with asthma. Majority of children (59.4%) had mild asthma. Sensitization was detected in 70.3% of children with asthma, most of them were sensitized to dust mites Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (63.3%), birch pollen (46.6%), and cat epithelium (31.1%). Risk factors of asthma were family history of allergy [odds ratio (OR) 3.2; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.2–4.6], male gender (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.5–2.3), preterm birth (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.3–3.3), smoking parents (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.2–2.9), (contact with pets during the first year of life (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.0–2.0). Conclusion. The prevalence of asthma in urban children aged 3 to 6 years living in urban areas of Altay Krai was 5.7%. Most common sensitizers were house dust mites, birch pollen and cat epithelium. The risk factors of pre-school asthma are family history of allergy, male gender, preterm birth, passive smoking and contact with pets during the first year of life.

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Prevalence and risk factors of asthma-like symptoms and allergic rhinitis in preschool children

Cited by 2 publications

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Allergic Rhinitis in Pre-School Children Living in Urban Settings of the Altai Region: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Allergic Rhinitis in Pre-School Children Living in Urban Settings of the Altai Region: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Bronchial asthma in pre-school children living in urban areas of the Altay Krai: a population-based cross-sectional study

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