Prevalence and risk factors of moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in major depression: a observational and retrospective study on 703 subjects

Abstract

BackgroundSeveral studies have investigated the prevalence and risk factors of depression in subjects with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. However, few studies have investigated the prevalence and risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in major depression. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence and risk factors of moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in a large sample of individuals with major depression.MethodsData from 703 individuals with major depression recruited from the research database of the sleep laboratory of the Erasme Hospital were analysed. An apnea-hypopnea index of ≥15 events per hour was used as cut-off score for moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine clinical and demographic risk factors of moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in major depression.ResultsThe prevalence of moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in major depression is 13.94%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that male gender, snoring, excessive daytime sleepiness, lower insomnia complaint, presence of metabolic syndrome, age ≥ 50 years, BMI >30 kg/m2, ferritin >300 μg/L, CRP >7 mg/L and duration of sleep ≥8 h were significant risk factors of moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in major depression.ConclusionModerate to severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is a common pathology in major depression. The identification of these different risk factors advances a new perspective for more effective screening of moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in major depression.

Effect of Gender on Chronic Intermittent Hypoxic Fosb Expression in Cardiorespiratory-Related Brain Structures in Mice

“…Although a 5-HT immunolabeling alone does not allow conclusive determination of whether 5-HT release was affected, the previously described decrease in 5-HT release in 12N under CIH reinforces this hypothesis (Wu et al, 2017 ). Such a decrease is compatible with observations from clinical and animal studies, leading to the proposition of 5-HT drugs as a potential therapy for OSA (Veasey et al, 1996 , 1999 , 2001 ; Carley and Radulovacki, 1999 ; Nakano et al, 2001 ; Ogasa et al, 2004 ; Saunamäki and Jehkonen, 2007 ; Prasad et al, 2010 ; Zhong et al, 2010 ; Hein et al, 2017 ). This may thus contribute to the lower upper airway muscle tone described in male subjects and male mice than that of females (O'Donnell et al, 2000 ; Jordan et al, 2004 ; Chin et al, 2012 ; O'Halloran et al, 2017 ), because of a decrease in the excitatory influence of 5-HT on hypoglossal motoneurons (Fenik et al, 1997 , 2005 ; Prasad et al, 2010 ).…”

“…Data in the literature describe the involvement of 5-HT in maintaining appropriate tone of upper airway muscles in animals (Veasey et al, 1996 , 1999 , 2001 ; Carley and Radulovacki, 1999 ; Nakano et al, 2001 ; Ogasa et al, 2004 ; Fenik et al, 2005 ; Zhong et al, 2010 ). Additionally, patients suffering from depression and characterized by 5-HT-system deficiency have a high prevalence of OSA (Saunamäki and Jehkonen, 2007 ; Hein et al, 2017 ). In this context, the observed neuroplasticity of 5-HT systems near hypoglossal motoneurons in male mice may suggest that the repetitive episodes of hypoxia encountered by OSA patients may affect the tone of the upper airway muscles in men, but not women.…”

Contribution to the study of physiology and pathophysiology of sleep in healthy individual and patients suffering from major depression and primary insomnia

“…Résultats et implications cliniques en rapport avec la 2 e hypothèse du travail doctoral [40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] Dans linsomnie chronique et les sous-types de dépression majeure avec insomnie objective, les altérations polysomnographiques compatibles avec le modèle de lhyperéveil (privation de sommeil et fragmentation excessive du sommeil) sont associées à un risque cardio-métabolique (hypertension artérielle et diabète de type 2) accru ce qui entraîne un risque cardio-vasculaire accru dans ces sous-populations particulières.…”

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty reduces the incidence of depression caused by obstructive sleep apnea

“…The rate of depression among OSA patients ranges from 17% to 41% . Some studies have shown that OSA also occurs frequently among patients with depression . Many studies have reported that the various symptoms that OSA patients complain about are actually related to depression.…”

“…3 Some studies have shown that OSA also occurs frequently among patients with depression. 18 Many studies have reported that the various symptoms that OSA patients complain about are actually related to depression. The most typical symptom of OSA, daytime drowsiness, was reported to be more closely related to the presence or absence of depressive mood rather than the degree of OSA based on the AHI.…”