2018
DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(18)30841-9
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Prevalence and risk factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in China (the China Pulmonary Health [CPH] study): a national cross-sectional study

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Cited by 1,136 publications
(1,108 citation statements)
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References 33 publications
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“…Cigarette smoke is implicated as the primary cause of COPD. However, factors like exposure to indoor pollution from biomass fuels and outdoor air pollution including occupational dusts particularly in developing countries also seem to contribute to disease progression (Barnes et al, 2015;Maji, Dikshit, Arora, & Deshpande, 2018;Vogelmeier et al, 2017;Wang et al, 2018). Sohal et al (2010) reported on fragmentation of the reticular basement membrane in large airways from endobronchial biopsies of smokers, and the findings positively correlated with the subjects' smoking history.…”
Section: Potential Role Of Emt In Copdmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Cigarette smoke is implicated as the primary cause of COPD. However, factors like exposure to indoor pollution from biomass fuels and outdoor air pollution including occupational dusts particularly in developing countries also seem to contribute to disease progression (Barnes et al, 2015;Maji, Dikshit, Arora, & Deshpande, 2018;Vogelmeier et al, 2017;Wang et al, 2018). Sohal et al (2010) reported on fragmentation of the reticular basement membrane in large airways from endobronchial biopsies of smokers, and the findings positively correlated with the subjects' smoking history.…”
Section: Potential Role Of Emt In Copdmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As one of the best known second messengers, cAMP transmits the information carried by hormones, neurotransmitters, and other extracellular signals into the intracellular environment (Berthet et al, 1957;Musheshe et al, 2018). As one of the main bronchodilator therapies, β 2 -adrenoceptor agonists augment the anti-inflammatory effects of corticosteroids in obstructive lung diseases (Barnes et al, 2015;Maji et al, 2018;Vogelmeier et al, 2017;Wang et al, 2018). Even though it has been shown that the β 2 -adrenoceptor agonists inhibited cytokine release in vitro (Bosmann et al, 2012;Hallsworth, Twort, Lee, & Hirst, 2001;Poppinga et al, 2015), evidence for their anti-inflammatory properties in vivo is still lacking (Giembycz & Maurice, 2014;Giembycz & Newton, 2006).…”
Section: Outlook and Future Perspectivesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For example, the overall prevalence of COPD in the Chinese adult population is 8.6%. Smoking exposure of ≥20 pack-years, exposure to annual mean particulate matter with a diameter <2.5 μm of 50–74 μg⋅m −3 or ≥75 μg⋅m −3 , a body mass index (BMI) <18.5 kg⋅m −2 , childhood chronic cough, parental history of respiratory diseases, and low education are major risk factors [38]. …”
Section: Environmental Protectionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Emerging evidence indicates that nutrition can influence development and progression of obstructive respiratory diseases such as COPD and asthma [64]. In a population study, below the range of 22.5–25 kg⋅m −2 BMI correlated inversely with overall mortality, mainly because of strong inverse correlation with respiratory diseases and cancer [38, 65]. …”
Section: Nutritionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The results showed that exposure to a high level of PM 2.5 (annual mean concentration ≥50 μg/m 3 ) was one risk factor for COPD 32. The results showed that exposure to a high level of PM 2.5 (annual mean concentration ≥50 μg/m 3 ) was one risk factor for COPD 32.…”
mentioning
confidence: 94%