Prevalence, associated factors and rifampicin resistance pattern of pulmonary tuberculosis among HIV-positive patients attending antiretroviral treatment clinic at East Gojjam Zone, Ethiopia: An institution-based cross-sectional study

Toru, Milkiyas; Baye, Amanuel; Gebeyehu, Zemenu; Abebaw, Abtie; Reta, Alemayehu

doi:10.1016/j.jctube.2022.100336

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The study was found a higher prevalence of TB/HIV co-infection (50/252, 19.8%), which is slightly in consistent with the other findings from the Amhara region (20% and 25.6%) 19 , 34 and North India (20%). 35 Higher rate of TB/HIV co-infection cases were reported from Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (57%), 8 Western Kenya (48%), 36 and Zambia (44%); 37 while a lower rate from Northwest Ethiopia (12%) 38 and Saudi Arabia (0.7%). 39 The higher rate of TB with HIV co-infected cases might be explained by impairing the host’s immune responses to both diseases, lengthening the time it takes for TB treatments to be effective by increasing the bacilli load, which could make the bacteria resistant to anti-TB drugs, and lead to MDR-TB.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Characteristics of TB/HIV Co-Infection and Patterns of Multidrug-Resistance Tuberculosis in the Northwest Amhara, Ethiopia

Seid¹,

Girma²,

Abebe³

et al. 2023

IDR

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Background Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has continued to be a serious public health threat and significantly challenges global TB control and prevention efforts, where the TB/HIV co-infection epidemic makes the situation much worse. The aim of the study was to determine the determinant factors associated with patterns of MDR-TB among pulmonary TB patients in the Northwest Amhara, Ethiopia. Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2022 to February 2023 in the Northwest Amhara, Ethiopia. Data on the participants’ socio-demographics and clinical characteristics were obtained using a pre-tested checklist. Phenotypic susceptibility testing to first-line anti-TB drugs was performed on 180 isolates by automated BD BACTEC MGIT 960 system. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the association of risk factors with patterns of MDR-TB. A p-value ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The overall proportion of TB with HIV co-infected cases was 19.8% (50/252). Culture positivity was confirmed in 203/252 (80.6%) of sputum samples. Among 168 isolates, the DST showed that 119 (70.8%) isolates were pan-susceptible to all first-line drugs and prevalence of any resistance to first-line drugs was 49,168 (29.2%). Among the resistant isolates, 28 (16.7%) were any mono-resistance and 12 (7.1%) were determined to be resistant to MDR-TB. TB with a previous TB treatment (aOR = 6.73, 95% CI: 1.78–25.47, p = 0.005) and HIV co-infected (aOR = 0.252, 95% CI: 0.73–0.875, p = 0.03) were significantly associated with MDR-TB. Conclusion Higher prevalence of TB and MDR-TB was examined among TB patients in the study area. In the study, history of previous TB treatment was the strongest risk factor MDR-TB infection followed by TB with HIV co-infected cases. Therefore, there is a need of strengthening TB control and prevention programs to reduce the increase of TB incidence, further emergence and transmission of a public health threat of MDR-TB cases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Characteristics of TB/HIV Co-Infection and Patterns of Multidrug-Resistance Tuberculosis in the Northwest Amhara, Ethiopia

Seid¹,

Girma²,

Abebe³

et al. 2023

IDR

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“…Tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are diseases of global public health concern, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa [1]. Despite efforts made to contain TB/HIV co-infection, it continues to impact negatively on the quality of life (QOL) of the infected individuals in developing countries [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of quality of life of TB/HIV co-infected patients in the Northern region of Ghana

Nabei,

Bonful,

Afari

et al. 2024

BMC Infect Dis

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Background Tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) co-morbidity continues to be a serious worldwide health issue, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. Studies on the quality of life (QOL) of TB/HIV co-infected patients guide stakeholders on the delivery of patient-centred healthcare. This study evaluated QOL of TB/HIV co-infected individuals and its contributing factors. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study among TB/HIV co-infected patients, receiving treatment at clinics in the Northern Region of Ghana. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 213 patients from 32 clinics. We gathered information on patients’ QOL using the World Health Organization QOL-HIV BREF assessment tool. At a 5% level of significance, multiple logistic regression analyses were carried out to find correlates of QOL among the patients. Results The mean age of the patients was (38.99 ± 14.00) years with most, 33.3% (71/213) aged 30–39 years. Males constituted 54.9% (117/213). About 30.0% (64/213) of the patients reported a good QOL. Being employed (aOR = 5.23, 95% CI: 1.87 – 14.60), and adhering to treatment (aOR = 6.36, 95% CI: 1.51 – 26.65) were significantly associated with a good QOL. Being depressed (aOR = 0.02, 95% CI: 0.03 – 0.29), stigmatized (aOR = 0.31, 95% CI : 0.11 – 0.84), and not exercising (aOR = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.12 – 0.67) were negatively associated with a good QOL. Conclusion Less than one-third of TB/HIV co-infected patients in the region have good QOL. To guarantee good QOL, modifiable predictors such as patients’ physical activity and medication adherence should be targeted by the National AIDS and TB Control Programs.

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“…Prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection among people who inject drugs was also high and independently associated with HIV infection [ 16 ]. An institution-based cross-sectional study showed that having family members treated for pulmonary TB, history of cigarette smoking, WHO HIV clinical stage, and high viral load were associated risk factors of TB among HIV-positive patients [ 17 ]. A study in China indicated that many ecological factors, including residents’ income, unemployment rate, and educational level, were closely related to the incidence of tuberculosis [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and risk factors of tuberculosis among people living with HIV/AIDS in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Qi,

Xu,

Zhao

et al. 2023

BMC Infect Dis

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Objective To estimate the prevalence and risk factors associated with tuberculosis (TB) among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in China. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines. After the literature was screened based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, STATA® version 17.0 software was used for the meta-analysis. The heterogeneity among study data was assessed using I2 statistics. Subgroup analysis and meta-regressions were performed to further explore the source of heterogeneity. Results A total of 5241 studies were retrieved. Of these, 44 studies were found to be eligible. The pooled prevalence of HIV/TB co-infection was 6.0%. The risk factors for HIV/TB co-infection included a low CD4+ T cell count, smoking, intravenous drug use and several other sociodemographic and clinical factors. Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccination history was a protective factor. Conclusion A high prevalence of TB was observed among people living with HIV/AIDS in China. Low CD4+ T cell count, smoking, and intravenous drug use were the primary risk factors for HIV/TB co-infection, whereas BCG vaccination history was a protective factor. Checking for TB should be prioritized in HIV screening and healthcare access. Systematic review registration Registered on PROSPERO, Identifier: CRD42022297754.

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Prevalence, associated factors and rifampicin resistance pattern of pulmonary tuberculosis among HIV-positive patients attending antiretroviral treatment clinic at East Gojjam Zone, Ethiopia: An institution-based cross-sectional study

Cited by 4 publications

References 30 publications

Characteristics of TB/HIV Co-Infection and Patterns of Multidrug-Resistance Tuberculosis in the Northwest Amhara, Ethiopia

Characteristics of TB/HIV Co-Infection and Patterns of Multidrug-Resistance Tuberculosis in the Northwest Amhara, Ethiopia

Predictors of quality of life of TB/HIV co-infected patients in the Northern region of Ghana

Prevalence and risk factors of tuberculosis among people living with HIV/AIDS in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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