Prevalence, associated risk factors, and antimicrobial resistance profiles of non-typhoidal Salmonella in large scale swine production in Córdoba, Argentina

Vico, J. P.; Lorenzutti, Augusto Matías; Zogbi, Ana Paola; Aleu, Gonzalo; Sánchez, I.; Caffer, María Inés; Rosmini, M.R.; Jaime, R. C. M.

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.03.003

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…In our results, we also reported that swine production systems were five times more likely to be resistant to at least one antimicrobial (OR = 5.08). This specific result coincides with the study employed by Vico et al [ 36 ], who reported a high prevalence of non-typhoidal Salmonella (41.5%; 95% CI: 37.6–45.6%) and a further 86% of MDR strains. Another interesting result was obtained from equine veterinary hospitals, which were 2.63 times more likely to be resistant to at least one antimicrobial [ 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Screening the Presence of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella in Different Animal Systems and the Assessment of Antimicrobial Resistance

Rivera

Allel

Dueñas

et al. 2021

Animals

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Salmonella is a major bacterial foodborne pathogen that causes the majority of worldwide food-related outbreaks and hospitalizations. Salmonellosis outbreaks can be caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains, emphasizing the importance of maintaining public health and safer food production. Nevertheless, the drivers of MDR Salmonella serovars have remained poorly understood. In this study, we compare the resistance profiles of Salmonella strains isolated from 4047 samples from domestic and wild animals in Chile. A total of 106 Salmonella strains (2.61%) are isolated, and their serogroups are characterized and tested for susceptibility to 16 different antimicrobials. The association between antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and a subset of independent variables is evaluated using multivariate logistic models. Our results show that 47 antimicrobial-resistant strains were found (44.3% of the total strains). Of the 47, 28 correspond to single-drug resistance (SDR = 26.4%) and 19 are MDR (17.9%). S. Enteritidis is highly persistent in animal production systems; however, we report that serogroup D strains are 18 times less likely to be resistant to at least one antimicrobial agent than the most common serogroup (serogroup B). The antimicrobials presenting the greatest contributions to AMR are ampicillin, streptomycin and tetracycline. Additionally, equines and industrial swine are more likely to acquire Salmonella strains with AMR. This study reports antimicrobial-susceptible and resistant Salmonella in Chile by expanding the extant literature on the potential variables affecting antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Screening the Presence of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella in Different Animal Systems and the Assessment of Antimicrobial Resistance

Rivera

Allel

Dueñas

et al. 2021

Animals

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“…The previous studies found that approximately 7-8% of the pork at retail markets in Argentina is contaminated with Salmonella spp. [ 2 , 3 ], but few studies have characterized this pathogen in local pig production farms [ 4 , 5 ]. Both pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria have become increasingly resistant to antibiotics in recent years because of increased administration of antibiotics, especially prophylactic in-feed antibiotics, in animal agriculture [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic resistance and associated resistance determinants in different Salmonella enterica serovars isolated from pigs in Argentina

et al. 2022

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Background and Aim: Salmonellosis is one of the most common foodborne diseases in the world, and the increasing antibiotic resistance in Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica recovered from food animals constitutes an important risk from a One Health approach. This study aimed to characterize antibiotic resistance and some of its associated resistance determinants in different S. enterica serovars isolated from pigs in Argentina. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on Salmonella strains isolated between 2011 and 2015 from pigs in the Pampean region of Argentina. The antimicrobial susceptibility patterns to 21 antimicrobials and some antibiotic resistance determinants were characterized in 55 Salmonella isolates, representing 58 farms. Results: We identified 56% (n=30) of the strains as multidrug-resistant, where resistance to tetracycline (62%, n=34), ampicillin (53%, n=29), nalidixic acid (53%, n=29), chloramphenicol (33%, n=18), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (31%, n=17) was most common. The wide range of resistance to ampicillin correlates with the presence of TEM type β-lactamases in the strains. However, high susceptibility was found in the new generation of β-lactams. Fluoroquinolone resistance is a major concern. Most strains with decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin showed gyrA mutations and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene qnrB. Conclusion: Here, we identified broad resistance to some antibiotics frequently used in human therapeutics and several easily transferable resistance mechanisms that could endanger public health.

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“…Pork meat is considered the most frequently contaminated food and the major source of Salmonella infections in humans (Bonardi, 2017;Wilson et al, 2020). In fact, pig farms seem to be a suitable environment for the replication and the persistence of Salmonella (Lettini et al, 2016;Bonardi, 2017;Vico et al, 2020). However, the slaughtering process which is located downstream of the pig-breeding process and upstream of pork sales is a critical step in determining the contamination/decontamination of animal carcasses and thus the meat products (Zhou et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic Investigation of Salmonella Isolates Recovered From a Pig Slaughtering Process in Hangzhou, China

Ed-Dra

Pan

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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The pig industry is the principal source of meat products in China, and the presence of pathogens in pig-borne meat is a crucial threat to public health. Salmonella is the major pathogen associated with pig-borne diseases. However, route surveillance by genomic platforms along the food chain is still limited in China. Here, we conducted a study to evaluate the dynamic prevalence of Salmonella in a pig slaughtering process in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. Fifty-five of 226 (24.37%) samples were positive for Salmonella; from them, 78 different isolates were selected and subjected to whole genome sequencing followed by bioinformatics analyses to determine serovar distribution, MLST patterns, antimicrobial resistance genes, plasmid replicons, and virulence factors. Moreover, phenotypic antimicrobial resistance was performed using the broth dilution method against 14 antimicrobial agents belonging to 10 antimicrobial classes. Our results showed that samples collected from the dehairing area (66.66%) and the splitting area (57.14%) were the most contaminated. Phenotypic antimicrobial resistance classified 67 of 78 isolates (85.90%) as having multidrug resistance (MDR), while the highest resistance was observed in tetracycline (85.90%; 67/78) followed by ampicillin (84.62%; 66/78), chloramphenicol (71.80%; 56/78), and nalidixic acid (61.54%; 48/78). Additionally, serovar prediction showed the dominance of Salmonella Typhimurium ST19 (51.28%; 40/78) among the 78 studied isolates, while plasmid prediction reported the dominance of IncHI2A_1 (20.51%; 16/78), followed by IncX1_1 (17.95%; 14/78) and IncHI2_1 (11.54%; 9/78). Virulence factor prediction showed the detection of cdtB gene encoding typhoid toxins in two Salmonella Goldcoast ST358 and one Salmonella Typhimurium ST19, while one isolate of Salmonella London ST155 was positive for genes encoding for the siderophore “yersiniabactin” and the gene senB encoding for enterotoxin production. From this study, we conclude that pig slaughterhouses are critical points for the dissemination of virulent and multidrug-resistant Salmonella isolates along the food chain which require the implementation of management systems to control the critical points. Moreover, there is an urgent need for the implementation of the whole genome sequencing platform to monitor the emergence of virulent and multidrug-resistant clones along the food chain.

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Prevalence, associated risk factors, and antimicrobial resistance profiles of non-typhoidal Salmonella in large scale swine production in Córdoba, Argentina

Cited by 19 publications

References 54 publications

Screening the Presence of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella in Different Animal Systems and the Assessment of Antimicrobial Resistance

Screening the Presence of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella in Different Animal Systems and the Assessment of Antimicrobial Resistance

Antibiotic resistance and associated resistance determinants in different Salmonella enterica serovars isolated from pigs in Argentina

Genomic Investigation of Salmonella Isolates Recovered From a Pig Slaughtering Process in Hangzhou, China

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