Prévalence de l’infection par le virus de l’hépatite B et l’évaluation des facteurs de risque au Maroc

Sbaï, A.; Baha, Warda; Ougabrai, H; Allalia, T; Dersi, Noureddine; Lazaar, Fatiha; Ennaji, Moulay Mustapha; Benjouad, Abdelaziz; Malki, A.; Hassar, Mohammed; Benani, Abdelouaheb

doi:10.1016/j.patbio.2011.06.001

Cited by 29 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Among barbers and their customers, the positive ratio for HBsAg was found to be 2.0% by Zahraoui et al in 2004 and 28.0% by Belbacha et al in 2011 [7,35]. Comparison of these findings with the HBsAg carrier rate estimated in this exhaustive investigation and our preliminary results published by Sbai et al [36], shows that the epidemiological picture is changing and that the vaccination program has shifted this trend to low endemicity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis B and C virus infections among the general population and blood donors in Morocco

et al. 2013

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BackgroundViral hepatitis is a serious public health problem affecting billions of people globally. Limited information is available on this issue in Morocco. This cross-sectional study was undertaken with the aim of determining the seroprevalence and risk factors of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) among the general population and among blood donors.MethodsBlood samples from volunteers, have been screened with ELISA tests for detecting the hepatitis-B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HCV. Within the seroreactive patients for HCV in the general population, RT-PCR was performed by the Cobas Ampliprep/Cobas Amplicor.ResultsHCV and HBV-seropositivity was documented in 1.58% and 1.81% out of 41269 and 23578 participants respectively from the general population. Two patients were found to be co-infected. HCV-RNA was detected by PCR in 70.9% of the 195 anti-HCV positive subjects. The anti-HCV prevalence was not different among males and females (P = 0.3). It increased with age; the highest prevalence was observed among subjects with >50 years old (3.12%). Various risk factors for acquiring HCV infection were identified; age, dental treatment, use of glass syringes and surgical history. In addition to these factors, gender and sexual risk behaviors were found to be associated with higher prevalence of hepatitis B. The HBV positivity was significantly higher among males than females participants in all age groups (P < 0.01). The peak was noticed among males aged 30–49 years (2.4%). None of the 152 persons younger than 20 years had HBsAg or anti-HCV. The prevalence of anti-HCV and HBsAg among 169605 blood donors was 0.62% and 0.96% respectively.ConclusionsOur study provided much important information concerning hepatitis B and C prevalence and risk factors; it confirmed the intermediate endemicity for HCV infection and pointed to a decreasing trend of HBV incidence, which might reclassify Morocco in low HBV endemicity area. This could be attributed primarily to the universal HBV vaccination among infants and healthcare workers over the past 13 years. HCV and HBV infections in the present survey were mainly associated with nosocomial exposures. Prevention and control of HBV infection are needed to reduce HBV transmission between adults.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis B and C virus infections among the general population and blood donors in Morocco

et al. 2013

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“…Morocco is a country of intermediate endemicity for hepatitis B and C. A recent survey of HBsAg carriage reported a prevalence of 1.66% whereas another one showed an anti‐HCV prevalence of 1.93% . In the current study, we have shown that prevalence of HIV/hepatitis co‐infection was 5.2% for HIV/HBV and 5.4% for HIV/HCV within the Moroccan HIV‐infected population.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 46%

Co-infections with hepatitis B and C viruses in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in Morocco

Rebbani

Ouladlahsen²,

Bensghir³

et al. 2013

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are major public health concerns. We aimed to determine the prevalence of HBV and HCV infections among HIV-infected patients, and to identify the main circulating hepatitis strains in Morocco. The study was carried out in 503 HIV-infected patients. Our survey indicated that the prevalence of HIV/hepatitis co-infection was 10.6%; 5.2% of patients were HBV surface antigen positive, and 5.4% of patients were anti-HCV positive. Among the HBV surface antigen-positive group, HBV DNA sequencing identified exclusively genotype D (D1: 26.7%; D7: 73.3%) in accordance with what is found in the general population. In contrast, sequencing of HCV isolates produced an unusual subtype distribution with a decreasing order of prevalence: 1a, 3a (both 23.5%), 1b, 4a (both 17.6%), 1c (11.8%) and 6h (6%).

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“…The epidemiology of hepatitis B in Eastern Europe (including Balkan countries) is more heterogeneous: Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Slovenia report low prevalence, while Albania and Romania have "high-intermediate" HBV endemicity [14,[16][17][18][19]. About half (48%) of the study population and 88% of chronic hepatitis B cases came from countries with "higher-intermediate" (Albania, Romania) or "high" (sub-Saharan Africa) endemicity levels of HBsAg.…”

Section: Hbv Infection and Associated Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B prevalence, risk factors, infection awareness and disease knowledge among inmates: a cross-sectional study in Switzerland’s largest pre-trial prison

Gétaz¹,

Casillas²,

Siegrist³

et al. 2018

Journal of Global Health

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Hepatitis B prevalence, risk factors, infection awareness and disease knowledge among inmates: a cross-sectional study in Switzerland's largest pre-trial prison Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major health concern in prison, but data are scarce in European prisons. This study aims to measure the prevalence of HBV infection, risk factors, awareness about infection, and HBV knowledge among inmates in Switzerland' s largest pre-trial prison. Methods Serological blood tests (HBsAg, anti-HBs, and anti-HBc) and a standardized socio-demographic and sexual health survey were offered to consenting prisoners in 2009 and 2011. HBV knowledge was assessed using a standardized questionnaire among participants recruited in 2009. Findings A total of 273 male participants were included in the study (116 participants answered the HBV knowledge survey), with 38.1% originating from Eastern Europe, 28.2% from sub-Saharan Africa, 14.3% from North Africa, and 9.5% from Latin America. The prevalence of anti-HBc (resolved/chronic infection) was 38.2% and the prevalence of HBsAg (chronic infection) was 5.9%; 14% of participants had vaccine-acquired immunity (anti-HBs positive/anti-HBc negative). We estimated that 15.5% of people living in Geneva having chronic infection go through the Geneva' s prison. Region of origin was significantly associated with chronic/resolved HBV infection (P < 0.001): 72.2% of participants from sub-Saharan African, 34.6% from Eastern Europe and 13.2% from other regions. In terms of chronic infection, 15.6% of participants from sub-Saharan Africa were positive for HBsAg, vs 2% of those from other regions (P < 0.001). In stratified analyses, region of origin remained significantly associated with HBV infection. Among those with chronic infection, only 12.5% were aware of their status. A minority of inmates knew how HBV could be transmitted. Conclusions The primary factor associated with HBV infection in this study was the geographical region of origin of participants. Given the high HBV prevalence found in this prison population, a targeted testing and vaccination approach based on prisoners' region of origin would be a cost-effective strategy when resources are limited. Additionally, identification of at-risk people should not rely on sensitive questions nor self-reported history of HBV. An inclusive approach to global health needs to incorporate prison population, as incarcerated people have a disproportionate burden of HBV infection and because an important proportion of hard-to-reach chronic HBV infected people go through the incarceration system. Electronic supplementary material: The online version of this article contains supplementary material.

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Prévalence de l’infection par le virus de l’hépatite B et l’évaluation des facteurs de risque au Maroc

Cited by 29 publications

References 26 publications

Prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis B and C virus infections among the general population and blood donors in Morocco

Prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis B and C virus infections among the general population and blood donors in Morocco

Co-infections with hepatitis B and C viruses in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in Morocco

Hepatitis B prevalence, risk factors, infection awareness and disease knowledge among inmates: a cross-sectional study in Switzerland’s largest pre-trial prison

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