Prevalence of anaemia and caregivers’ knowledge, practice and attitude towards its prevention among under-fives in Zanzibar, Tanzania: A cross-sectional study

Khatib, Arafat Hassan; Joho, Angelina A.

doi:10.1016/j.ijans.2022.100416

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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Section: Chapter Twomentioning

confidence: 89%

“…In our nation, anemia affects 58% of the children under the age of five, according to reported data (16).According to a recent study conducted in Arusha, 84.6% of children under the age of five had anemia, with several etiologies being shown to contribute to the high prevalence (16).Anemia prevalence was reported to be 37.9% in another study in Rombo district, and it was higher in children between the ages of 6 and 23 months by 48.3% compared to those between the ages of 24 and 49 months by 28.5% (18).Different national campaigns to fight the issue have been under way to address this concern.…”

Section: IIImentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Other causes, such as being exposed to an infection, are also implicated for the issue. (15,16). High incidence has been documented in developing nations, especially in South Asia(58%) and East Africa(55%) (17).…”

Section: Chapter Twomentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Prevalence, Etiology, And Outcome Of Anemia In Children Under Five On Admission In Three Hospitals Of Dar-Es-Salaam

Msinde

2023

Preprint

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Introduction: Childhood anemia remains a persistent global challenge, emerging as the most prevalent blood disorder among children worldwide. Its enduring prevalence underscores its significance as a hematological concern of substantial public health importance, owing to its wide prevalence and potential severity. Anemia's impact is particularly pronounced among children and expectant mothers. On a global scale, the World Health Organization (WHO) has taken significant measures to address this issue. These include implementing strategies such as iron supplementation, fortifying food sources with essential nutrients, promoting dietary diversity, and preventing conditions that contribute to anemia's occurrence. These collective efforts aim to alleviate the burden of anemia and enhance the health and well-being of vulnerable populations. Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence, etiologie, and clinical outcomes of anemia among children under five years of age upon admission in three district hospitals within the Dar-es-Salaam region. Methodology: The study employed an observational cross-sectional design to examine the prevalence, etiologies, and outcomes of anemia in children under five who were admitted to three district hospitals in Dar-es-Salaam. Data collection took place between November 2022 and July 2023, involving children manifesting clinical signs of anemia and their caregivers. A sample size of 327 was used. Structured questionnaires were administered, and data were analyzed using SPSS software, with descriptive statistics, chi-squared tests, Fisher's exact tests, and logistic regression employed to find associations. Ethical considerations were adhered to throughout the study. Results: The study analyzed data from 327 children under five years old admitted to three district hospitals in Dar-es-Salaam to determine the prevalence, etiologies, and outcomes of anemia. The overall prevalence of anemia was found to be 45.9%, with 21.38% having mild anemia, 60% moderate anemia, and 18.62% severe anemia. Factors associated with anemia included age, referral status, family size, age of caregivers, chronic illness, deworming status, iron supplementation, active bleeding, breastfeeding, feeding adequacy, and associated comorbidities. Anemic children showed longer stays in both the ICU and wards, with an increased need for mechanical ventilators and blood transfusions. Conclusion and recommendation: In conclusion, this study pinpoint the persistent burden of childhood anemia in the Dar-es-Salaam region, highlighting the need for comprehensive strategies to address its prevalence and impact. The high prevalence of anemia, particularly moderate and severe cases, suggests an important need for targeted interventions. To mitigate this issue, it is recommended that health authorities and stakeholders implement and reinforce iron supplementation programs, promote dietary diversity, enhance deworming efforts, and raise awareness about anemia's implications. Furthermore, healthcare facilities should prioritize early detection and management of anemia in pediatric patients to reduce the associated morbidity and resource utilization.

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Section: Chapter Twomentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: IIImentioning

confidence: 92%

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The Prevalence, Etiology, And Outcome Of Anemia In Children Under Five On Admission In Three Hospitals Of Dar-Es-Salaam

Msinde

2023

Preprint

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“…One drop (∼10 μL) of capillary blood was carefully collected using a microcuvette by touching the oozing blood, then inserted into the HemoCue Analyzer for reading the results. [37] The reading results were recorded immediately. All the used materials, including used swabs, were kept in the small dustbin, and used sharps were kept in a safety box, and they were then discarded at a nearby healthcare facility as per the facility guidelines.…”

Section: Blood Hb Level Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among pregnant women in Ilala Municipality - Tanzania: Analytical cross-sectional study

Lema

Seif

2023

Medicine

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Anaemia during pregnancy is still 1 of the leading causes of maternal and neonatal mortality in low and middle-income countries. Initiatives to address this need evidence on trends and their relevant factors, as they vary from 1 area to another. This study determined the prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among pregnant women in Ilala, Tanzania. This community-based, analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in April 2022 involving 367 randomly selected pregnant women. An interviewer-administered questionnaire and a HemoCue analyzer were used for data collection The data was described using descriptive statistics (frequency distributions, percentages, etc) and inferential statistics (Chi-square tests and logistic regression) were used to explore the associations between the study’s outcome and its explanatory variables, with a significance level of P < .05. The mean age of participants was 26.2 (standard deviation = 5.2) years, 58.0% had a secondary education level, and 45.2 were prime-para. About half (57.2%) of all participants had low hemoglobin level, among which, 36.2% had moderate anemia. Having a primary education level (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.3, confidence interval [CI] = 1.1–4.7), having an inter-pregnancy interval of <18 months (AOR = 2.6, CI = 1.2–5.5), being in the third trimester (AOR = 2.4, CI = 1.2–4.7), not taking Intermittent Prophylaxis Treatment (AOR = 3.7, CI = 1.3–10), not taking iron supplement and folic acid (AOR = 3.7, CI = 1.3–10), and having a moderate appetite(AOR = 1.6, CI = 1.0–2.6) were predictors of anemia. Nutritionally related factors were not consuming on a daily basis dairy food (AOR = 3.7, CI = 1.4–9.3), meat/fish (AOR = 6.6, CI = 3–14), dark green and other vegetables (AOR = 6.6, CI = 3.1–14), fruits (AOR = 4.2, CI = 1.4–12) and having a lower dietary diversity score (AOR = 84, CI = 37–188). Approximately half of pregnant women in Ilala municipality were anemic with 1 third of them having moderate anemia. The associated factors varied from nutritional, obstetric, and socio-demographic factors. The targeted interventions should focus on health promotion campaign to sensitize the population on the dangers of anemia in pregnancy and preventive measures that must be adhered to.

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“…However, despite the reported high occurrence of foodborne diseases among children under 5 years (WHO, 2015 ), the caregivers' knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding food safety of locally produced complementary foods in the context of the rural environment have largely remained underinvestigated. Studies on the significance of knowledge, attitude, and practices on the outcome of complementary feeding have largely been focused on aspects associated with nutrient quality, quantity, and frequency (Aguayo et al, 2018 ; Pratik et al, 2017 ) and the elements of primary healthcare (Assefa et al, 2021 ; Chidziwisano et al, 2019 ; Gebresilasie et al, 2018 ; Hassan Khatib & Joho, 2022 ; Yimenu et al, 2022 ). This leaves a lacuna in the knowledge of whether caregivers who produce local complementary foods have sufficient food safety knowledge, positive attitude, and follow good FHP; which are essential in reducing the vulnerability of children to foodborne diseases (Vasco & Alvito, 2011 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Status of food safety knowledge, attitude, and practices of caregivers of children in northern Uganda

Achiro

Okidi

Echodu

et al. 2023

Food Science & Nutrition

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The safety of homemade weaning foods in low‐ and middle‐income countries is of great concern as rural households have limited access to standardized commercial weaning foods. In the Acholi subregion of Uganda, complementary foods are locally produced. However, there is limited information on the Food safety knowledge (FSK), food safety attitude (FSA), and food hygiene practices (FHP) of the caregivers. This study examined food safety knowledge, attitude, and practices of the caregivers of children 6–23 months of age in Amuru and Nwoya districts, Northern Uganda, between March 2019 and June 2019. A cross‐sectional study was conducted involving 180 caregivers. Data were collected using semi‐structured questionnaires and focus group discussions and analyzed using descriptive statistics, multivariate binary logistic regression, and thematic content analysis. Caregivers had sufficient FSK (74.1%) and positive FSA (68.1%). However, only 17.6% of them adhered to FHP. Frequency of food safety training (p = .041) and households with children who suffered from foodborne illness (p = .001) significantly predicted FSK. Conversely, both FSK and FSA were significantly predicted by gender roles in decision‐making on household income (p = .006) and households with older children (p = .041). A significant positive correlation was observed between FSK and FSA (r = .406, p = .000). However, major barriers to adherence to FHP were inadequate sanitation facilities and caregiver's workload. The overall nontranslation of sufficient FSK and positive FSA into proper FHP calls for future intervention to harness the sociodemographic factors that influence FSK and FSA and address the barriers to FHP among caregivers.

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Prevalence of anaemia and caregivers’ knowledge, practice and attitude towards its prevention among under-fives in Zanzibar, Tanzania: A cross-sectional study

Cited by 5 publications

References 33 publications

The Prevalence, Etiology, And Outcome Of Anemia In Children Under Five On Admission In Three Hospitals Of Dar-Es-Salaam

The Prevalence, Etiology, And Outcome Of Anemia In Children Under Five On Admission In Three Hospitals Of Dar-Es-Salaam

Prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among pregnant women in Ilala Municipality - Tanzania: Analytical cross-sectional study

Status of food safety knowledge, attitude, and practices of caregivers of children in northern Uganda

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