Prevalence of Anaemia in Pregnancy Among Women Visiting Antenatal Clinic in Bingham University Teaching Hospital Jos, Nigeria

Abstract

In developing countries such as Nigeria, anaemia in pregnancy is thought to be one of the most common problem affecting pregnant women accounting for a significant level of maternal morbidity and mortality. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy among women visiting Antenatal Clinic (ANC) in Bingham University Teaching Hospital (BHUTH). This is a cross sectional descriptive study conducted from August to September, 2015 on two hundred and thirty seven (237) women. A semi-structured interviewer administered questionnaire was used to obtain sociodemographic, obstetrics, and nutritional information from the respondent pregnant women who consented at each antenatal clinic days (Mondays and Thursdays). Packed cell volume was used to assess the level of anaemia in accordance to WHO guide lines. The prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy was found to be 43.5%, amongst all women who were anaemic, 83%, 8.7% and 2% were found to have mild, moderate and severe anaemia respectively. However, 0.9%, 35%, 52% of these women were found to be in their first, second and third trimesters respectively. 61% were multi-parous women (para 2-4); 24.3% women had only two antenatal clinic visits, 66.2% women were within the age group of 34-39 years; 89.3% women had been taking balanced diet, while 89.3% women were on their routine drugs; 66.0% women used insecticide treated mosquito net; 66.0% women had taken anti-malarial prophylaxis. Reduced ANC visits and increasing age where significant factors associated with anaemia in pregnancy. Prevalence of anaemia amongst pregnant women in BHUTH was 43.5%. The most common type of anaemia in this study is mild anaemia. However, the prevalence of anaemia was found to predominate amongst women in their third trimester. Increased maternal age and reduced number of antenatal care visits were statistically

Prevalence of Anaemia in Pregnancy and Related Factors among Women Attending Antenatal Care (ANC) in General Hospitalbunza, Kebbi State, Nigeria

“…The high prevalence of anemia in pregnancy among women of Hausa/Fulani and the absence of anemia among the other tribes in this study may be due to the fact that the study was conducted in a predominantly Hausa/Fulani LGA. Prevalence of anemia was higher among multiparous women (78.5%) compared to primiparous women, this is similar to the findings in a study in Jos where the prevalence of anemia among multiparous women was (61.2%) (Paul et al, 2016) suggesting that recurrent exposure to pregnancy reduces the iron store in the body. About half of the respondents 162(50.8%) booked for antenatal care in the third trimester, while few 23 (7.2%) of them booked in the first trimester, suggesting that women in the study area do not begin antenatal care early in pregnancy, this is similar to the findings in other studies conducted in Azare and Abeokuta where (2.5%) and…”

Prevalaence of Anaemia among Preganant Women Attending 82 Division Nigerian Army Hospitals, Enugu

“…The 46% prevalence of Anaemia reported in this study is slightly higher than the value of 40.4% reported by Dim and Onah 18 working in the same city earlier a decade ago but higher than the 56% reported in 2016 by Esike et al 10 working in nearby Abakaliki all in the same south east region of Nigeria. It is however slightly different from the rate of 35.3% reported by Anorlu et al 13 working in the south west region, 51.8% reported by Bukar et al 19 working in northern Nigerian, 43.5% reported by Bassi et al 20 working in the North Central and 31.8% by Olatunbosun et al 21 working in the South Region of the country. However, this is not comparable to the cross sectional survey conducted in four Nigerian States (Jigawa, Katsina, Yobe, Zamfara) where the prevalence rate of anaemia was estimated to be 61.2%-88.7%.…”

“…The 4.35% of severe Anaemia reported in the study also contradicts other recent studies from southeastern Nigeria 24,25 and Ibadan, Western Nigeria, 26 where no case of severe Anaemia was noted, unlike in Shagamu, Western Nigeria, 27 where 0.7% of the anemic pregnant women were severely anemic. This was also higher than the lower than 2.1% by Bukar et al 12 Reports from Bassi et al 20 working in Jos showed that 2% of pregnant women had severe anaemia, which are comparable with those from Bida, Niger state, Nigeria. [28][29][30] However, it can be noted that the level of sever anamic pregnant women (4.35%) could be an isolated case as reports from the south east especially from the same Enugu showed no presence of severe Anaemia as reported here.…”

“…Women in sub-Saharan Africa are the "hewers of wood and the drawers of water," therefore the decreased work capacity as a result of the Anaemia will have economic consequences on the family in particular and on society at large. 20 There was a statistically significant association between increasing maternal age and prevalence of anaemia. Women within the age group 36-41 had the lowest mean PCV (31.00±7.00) ( Tables 2,3).…”

Prevalence and correlates of antenatal depression at Chelstone First Level Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia: a cross-sectional study

“…In Zambia, the magnitude of antenatal depression is not well understood. One cross-sectional study conducted at The University Teaching Hospital reported a prevalence of 42% out of 206 pregnant women interviewed 12 . A qualitative study conducted in the different stages of the perinatal period reported the presence of mental distress in the four different domains: worry about HIV status and testing; uncertainty about survival from childbirth; lack of social support; and vulnerability/oppression and concluded that identifying mental distress and prompt referral for interventions is critical to improving the mental health of the mother and prevent the effects of mental distress on the baby 13 .…”