Prevalence of anemia among women of reproductive age in Republic of Srpska

Abstract

Uvod. Anemija je važan javnozdravstveni problem prepoznat širom svijetabilo da se javlja izolovano ili udružena sa ostalim oblicima malnutricije.U 2016. godini prevalenca anemije u svijetu je kod žena u reproduktivnojdobi iznosila 32,0% odnosno postojala je kod 613 miliona žena starosti 15-49 godina. Cilj rada je bio utvrditi prevalencu anemije kod osoba ženskogpola u reproduktivnoj dobi (>15≤49 godina) u Republici Srpskoj i utvrditipovezanost između prehrambenih navika i prevalence anemije.Metode. Istraživanje je provedeno kao studija presjeka. Uzorak je dizajnirankao dvoetapni stratifikovani slučajni uzorak, sa popisnim krugovimaodabranim u prvoj etapi i domaćinstvima u drugoj etapi. Istraživanjem jeobuhvaćeno 1539 osoba ženskog pola starosti od 15 do 49 godina. Za ispitivanjeosnovnih sociodemografskih karakteristika uzorka i navika u ishraniispitanica korišćeni su za to posebno kreirani upitnici. Za mjerenje koncentracijehemoglobina u krvi korišćen je Photometer, HemoCue Hb 301/SET.Rezultati. Prevalenca anemije kod žena u reproduktivnoj dobi u RepubliciSrpskoj iznosi 11,8% i svrstava Republiku Srpsku u zemlje sa niskomprevalencom. Anemija se statistički značajno češće javlja (p<0,001) u starosnojkategoriji od 36 do 49 godina i na geografskom području Doboja iIstočnog Sarajeva (p=0,002). Analizom navika u ishrani, sa posebnim osvrtomna unos namirnica sa hem i non-hem željezom, dokazano je da osobebez anemije unose statistički značajno više namirnica sa hem željezom(p=0,009). Utvrđena je slaba, ali statistički značajna veza između upotrebesuplemenata željeza i odsustva anemije (r= -0,064, p=0,013).Zaključak. Republika Srpska spada u zemlje sa niskim opterećenjem anemijom,ali je neophodno nastaviti sa aktivnostima usmjerenim na unapređenjeishrane svih kategorija stanovništva, a posebno voditi računa o unosunamirnica sa hem željezom.

Exploring possibilities for the development of healthy eating habits in preschool settings: parent's and teacher's perspectives

“…A lot of activities related to proper nutrition in preschool settings were implemented from 2014 through the NFPI in the Republic of Srpska, such as the development and adoption of nutrition standards and norms with a cookbook for preschool institutions (Stojisavljević et al., 2016) and a rulebook that defines the area of nutrition, care, health, and social protection of preschool‐age children (Official Gazette, 2016, no. 88/16), so educators and parents became more aware of the importance of healthy meals that children had the opportunity to consume in kindergartens.…”

“…79/15). A broad range of defined criteria within the NFPI's five key components served as a platform to define guidelines and education related to nutritional standards and norms for preschool settings in order to provide balanced and healthy meals for children (Stojisavljević et al., 2016 ) . Since there is a lack of recent studies related to the nutritional habits of t2020bhe population of RS and considering the importance of family and preschool settings in the development and maintenance of children's eating habits, focus groups were conducted among parents and teachers from kindergartens included in the NFPI in order to in‐depth explore their perceptions and practices related to children's nutrition.…”

“…According to the latest studies conducted in the Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina overweight is one of the most dominant issues related to nutritional status of children (MICS, 2013 ) while, considering the general population, more than half of the inhabitants do not regularly consume tree meals during the day and one in ten add salt to food before tasting it (Matovic Miljanovic et al., 2011 ). Regular fruit and vegetable consumption on a daily basis is present only among 8.7% (for fruits) and 8.3% (for vegetables) inhabitants (Stojisavljevic et al., 2015 ). There is a present lack of more recent survey data related to nutrition among the general population, especially among preschool and schoolchildren in the Republic of Srpska, stressing the importance of exploring nutrition and eating habits and their underlying factors among children.…”