Prevalence of antibodies to bovine virus diarrhoea virus and other viruses in bulk tank milk in England and Wales

Paton, David; Christiansen, K. H.; Alenius, Stefan; Cranwell, M. P.; Pritchard, G. C.; Drew, Trevor W.

doi:10.1136/vr.142.15.385

Cited by 119 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Nevertheless, the virus seems to be widespread among the whole cattle population of Uruguay. A comparison of our results with studies done in other countries revealed that high seropositive rates have also been reported in the USA (95%) [4], England (100%) [15], Canada (94%) [23] and Ireland (94%) [10]. In Uruguay, management of dairy cattle has been related to respiratory distress of young calves, since calves are weaned at the third day of birth and reared separately.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus: first serological evidence in Uruguay

et al. 2000

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-Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) is a major cause of respiratory disease in calves resulting in a substantial economic loss for the cattle industry worldwide. In order to determine the presence of BRSV in Uruguay, an immunoenzymatic test was set up, using a recombinant BRSV nucleocapsid (N) protein as the antigen. The N protein was produced in Sf9 insect cells by a recombinant baculovirus expressing the N protein. Serum samples collected from one hundred cattle from four different geographic regions of Uruguay were analyzed. Antibodies against the N protein of BRSV were detected in 95% of the serum samples analyzed. These results show for the first time the presence of BRSV antibodies and suggest a widespread BRSV infection in the cattle population of Uruguay. respiratory syncytial virus / recombinant N protein / epidemiology / baculovirus / UruguayRésumé -Première mise en évidence sérologique du virus syncytial respiratoire bovin en Uruguay. Le virus syncytial respiratoire bovin (VSRB) est une cause majeure de maladie respiratoire chez le veau, provoquant des pertes économiques importantes pour l'industrie bovine dans le monde entier. Afin de mettre en évidence la présence du VSRB en Uruguay, un test immunoenzymatique a été élaboré, qui utilise comme antigène une protéine recombinante de nucléocapside (N) du VSRB. La protéine N a été produite dans des cellules d'insecte Sf9 par un baculovirus recombinant exprimant la protéine N. Des échantillons de sérum prélevés sur 100 bovins, provenant de quatre régions différentes d'Uruguay, ont été analysés. Des anticorps dirigés contre la protéine N du VSRB ont été détectés dans 95% des échantillons analysés. Ces résultats montrent, pour la première fois, la présence d'anticorps anti-VSRB et suggèrent que l'infection par le VSRB est largement répandue dans la population bovine en Uruguay. virus syncytial respiratoire bovin / protéine N recombinante / épidémiologie / baculovirus / Uruguay Vet. Res. 31 (2000) [241][242][243][244][245][246] 241

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus: first serological evidence in Uruguay

et al. 2000

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“…I and II). The high proportion of herds with the BRSV antibody agrees with the results reported in Brazil [4], the United States [6], England [18], Canada [25], and, more recently, Uruguay [7].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Dot-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay as an alternative technique for the detection of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) antibodies

et al. 2002

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-A dot-ELISA test for the detection of anti-BRSV antibodies is described. The objective of this study was the standardisation of a test as a fast, inexpensive and effective alternative to detect anti-BRSV antibodies. Its sensitivity, specificity and usefulness were compared to a commercial ELISA-kit and to the standard serum neutralisation (SN) test. The standardisation of the technique was done using nitrocellulose disks soaked with a viral sample isolated in Brazil, BRSV-25-BR. The best results were obtained when the disks were sensitised with a purified antigen at a concentration of 0.7 µg/disk and the bovine serum was diluted 1: 200. The experiment used 423 samples of bovine serum collected in the main cattle breeding centres in Brazil.

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“…O desenvolvimento de um teste ELISA para a detecção de anticorpos anti-BVDV em amostras coletivas de leite (Niskanen et al 1991), aliado à correlação existente entre o nível de anticorpos no leite e a proporção de animais soropositivos nos rebanhos (Niskanen 1993, Beaudeau et al 2001, tem impulsionado programas de vigilância, controle e erradicação da infecção pelo BVDV nos países escandinavos (Paton et al 1998, Lindberg & Alenius 1999. Testes sorológicos em amostras coletadas de recipientes coletivos têm sido utilizados para triagem inicial dos rebanhos.…”

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“…Rebanhos que possuem animais PI podem ser identificados por sorologia, já que a presença do vírus resulta em níveis altos de anticorpos na maioria dos animais (Houe 1995). Várias estratégias têm sido utilizadas para a triagem e identificação inicial desses rebanhos: (1) Sorologia de amostras individuais de animais jovens ou de todo o rebanho; (2) Sorologia em amostras coletivas (pool) de soro de animais entre oito e 24 meses de idade; (3) Detecção de anticorpos em amostras individuais de leite; (4) Sorologia em amostras coletivas de leite (Niskanen 1993, Alenius et al 1996, Paton et al 1998. Nesses programas, a utilização de um teste imunoenzimático do tipo ELISA para a pesquisa de anticorpos em amostras coletivas de leite tem viabilizado a realização de triagens de rebanhos em grande escala (Niskanen et al 1991, Paton et al 1998).…”

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“…Várias estratégias têm sido utilizadas para a triagem e identificação inicial desses rebanhos: (1) Sorologia de amostras individuais de animais jovens ou de todo o rebanho; (2) Sorologia em amostras coletivas (pool) de soro de animais entre oito e 24 meses de idade; (3) Detecção de anticorpos em amostras individuais de leite; (4) Sorologia em amostras coletivas de leite (Niskanen 1993, Alenius et al 1996, Paton et al 1998. Nesses programas, a utilização de um teste imunoenzimático do tipo ELISA para a pesquisa de anticorpos em amostras coletivas de leite tem viabilizado a realização de triagens de rebanhos em grande escala (Niskanen et al 1991, Paton et al 1998). Os níveis de anticorpos em amostras coletivas de leite possuem uma boa correlação com a atividade viral e com a proporção de animais soropositivos nos rebanhos (Niskanen 1993, Beaudeau et al 2001.…”

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Técnica rápida de neutralização viral para a detecção de anticorpos contra o vírus da Diarréia Viral Bovina (BVDV) no leite

et al. 2002

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The identification of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) positive herds through detection of antibodies in milk may viabilize large scale control/eradication programs. With this objective, the virus neutralization test (VN) was adapted to detect BVDV antibodies in milk. The adaptation consisted of a reduction in the time of incubation followed by detection of viral antigens in the indicator cells by immunofluorescence (IFA) and allowed readings at 24 hours. The rapid virus neutralization test (RVN) was initially tested in 1,335 serum samples, showing a 93.7% sensitivity and 91.1% agreement with the traditional VN. The RVN was also used to test 423 bovine sera that were toxic for cell culture in the traditional VN test, detecting 316 (74.7%) positive samples. Testing of matched serum and milk samples from BVDV seropositive cows showed that the VNR can detect antibodies in the milk of cows with serum neutralizing titers as low as 10. Anti-BVDV neutralizing activity was detected in milk of 97. 4% (191/196) of cows with serum titers ³320; in 92.9% (79/85) of cows with titers of 160; in 88% (59/67) of cows with serum titers of 80. The frequency of BVDV antibodies in milk was 76.9% (40/52) for cows with serum titers of 40; 61.3% (19/31) for cows with titers of 20 and 33.3% (10/30) for cows with serum titers of 20. These results demonstrate that the RVN test is adequate for detecting BVDV antibodies in milk, mainly in cows having moderate to high serum titers, and therefore may be used for testing bulk milk samples to identify herds with viral activity. The use of this test may viabilize large scale programs for control/eradication of BVDV infection. It allows to assay a large number of samples and identify positive herds through testing milk routinely submitted for somatic cell counts (SCC), reducing costs with individual sample collection, shipping and testing.

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Prevalence of antibodies to bovine virus diarrhoea virus and other viruses in bulk tank milk in England and Wales

Cited by 119 publications

References 15 publications

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus: first serological evidence in Uruguay

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus: first serological evidence in Uruguay

Dot-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay as an alternative technique for the detection of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) antibodies

Técnica rápida de neutralização viral para a detecção de anticorpos contra o vírus da Diarréia Viral Bovina (BVDV) no leite

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