Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance among Clinical Isolates of Bacteroides fragilis Group in Canada in 2010-2011: CANWARD Surveillance Study

Karlowsky, James A.; Walkty, Andrew; Adam, Heather J.; Baxter, Melanie; Hoban, Daryl J.; Zhanel, George G.

doi:10.1128/aac.05823-11

Cited by 95 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…As shown in this finding that these antimicrobials may not be very effective, as about 30% of the ETBF strains examined were resistant. In conformity with the results obtained by other investigators [10,11], we found cefoxitin resistance in ETBF to be very low (7.4%). From this study, it appears that the most effective antimicrobials for ETBF-mediated infection could be imipenem and chloramphenicol.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

Detection of integron-associated gene cassettes and other antimicrobial resistance genes in enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis

et al. 2015

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

Detection of integron-associated gene cassettes and other antimicrobial resistance genes in enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis

et al. 2015

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“…However, as observed in a previous analysis of cIAI patients [27], the rates of clinical and bacteriological success achieved with moxifloxacin appear to be maintained well beyond the susceptibility breakpoint for key pathogenic species; this was observed during the long interval between 2000 and 2009 including each Phase III study period. Thus, despite recent warnings about the occurrence of resistant bacteria to major classes of antibiotics used to treat cIAIs that include not only fluoroquinolones but also carbapenems and piperacillintazobactam [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38], our results may support the empiric use of antibiotics with a spectrum of activity covering the main causative organisms in cIAI patients with mild-to-moderate disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Efficacy and Safety of Moxifloxacin in Hospitalized Patients with Secondary Peritonitis: Pooled Analysis of Four Randomized Phase III Trials

Waele

Tellado²,

Weiß³

et al. 2014

Surgical Infections

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Background: Secondary peritonitis is an advanced form of complicated intra-abdominal infection (cIAI) requiring hospitalization, surgical source control, and empiric antibiotic therapy against causative aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.Methods: This pooled analysis of four prospective, active-controlled randomized clinical trials compared the efficacy and safety of moxifloxacin with that of comparator antibiotics in patients with confirmed secondary peritonitis. The primary efficacy endpoint was clinical success rate at test-of-cure (TOC) between day 10 and 45 post-therapy in the per-protocol (PP) population. Safety and clinical efficacy were assessed also in the intent-totreat population (ITT). Bacteriological success was assessed at TOC in the microbiologically-valid population as a secondary efficacy endpoint. Results: Overall clinical success rates at TOC were 85.3% (431 of 505 patients) in the moxifloxacin and 88.4% (459 of 519 patients) in the comparator treatment groups (PP population, point estimate for the difference in success rates: -3.0%; 95% CI -7.06%, 1.05%), respectively. Similar clinical success rates between moxifloxacin and comparators were observed by anatomical site of infection, and ranged from 80.6% to 100% for moxifloxacin and from 71.4% to 96.6% for comparators, respectively. Bacteriologic success rates were similar with moxifloxacin (82.4%) and comparators (86.8%), respectively. The proportion of patients experiencing any treatment-emergent adverse events was slightly higher with moxifloxacin (67.3%) versus comparators (59.8%). Rates of drug-related adverse events (20.9% versus 20.0%) and deaths (4.3% versus 3.4%) were similar in moxifloxacin and comparator groups; none of the deaths were drug-related. Conclusions: The data suggests that once-daily IV (or IV/PO) moxifloxacin has a comparable efficacy and safety profile to antibiotic regimens approved previously in the subgroup of patients with secondary peritonitis of mild-to-moderate severity.

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“…For clindamycin, 72% of our B. thetaiotaomicron isolates were resistant, compared to 17% of B. fragilis strains, while resistance in other Bacteroides and Parabacteroides species ranged from 26% to 42%. A recent study from Canada (16) Biapenem and biapenem-RPX7009 showed excellent activity against clinical isolates of Gram-positive and Gram-negative anaerobes that was comparable to that of meropenem. RPX7009 showed no antimicrobial activity when tested alone, and overall, there was no significant effect of RPX7009 on biapenem activity against anaerobic bacteria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In VitroActivity of Biapenem plus RPX7009, a Carbapenem Combined with a Serine β-Lactamase Inhibitor, against Anaerobic Bacteria

Goldstein

Citron²,

Tyrrell³

et al. 2013

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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bBiapenem is a carbapenem being developed in combination with RPX7009, a new inhibitor of serine ␤-lactamases. Biapenem was tested alone and in combination with fixed concentrations of RPX7009 by agar dilution against 377 recent isolates of anaerobes. A separate panel of 27 isolates of Bacteroides spp. with decreased susceptibility or resistance to imipenem was also tested. Comparator drugs included meropenem, piperacillin-tazobactam, ampicillin-sulbactam, cefoxitin, ceftazidime, metronidazole, clindamycin, and tigecycline plus imipenem, doripenem, and ertapenem for the 27 selected strains. For recent consecutive strains of Bacteroides species, the MIC 90 for biapenem-RPX7009 was 1 g/ml, with a MIC 90 of 4 g/ml for meropenem. Other Bacteroides fragilis group species showed a MIC 90 of 0.5 g/ml for both agents. The MIC 90 s for biapenem-RPX7009 were 0.25 g/ml for Prevotella spp., 0.125 g/ml for Fusobacterium nucleatum and Fusobacterium necrophorum, 2 g/ml for Fusobacterium mortiferum, 0.5 g/ml for Fusobacterium varium, <0.5 g/ml for Gram-positive cocci and rods, and 0.03 to 8 g/ml for clostridia. Against 5 B. fragilis strains harboring a known metallo-beta-lactamase, biapenem-RPX7009 MICs were comparable to those of other carbapenems (>32 g/ml). Against Bacteroides strains with an imipenem MIC of 2 g/ml, biapenem-RPX7009 had MICs of 0.5 to 2 g/ml, with MICs of 0.5 to 32 g/ml for meropenem, doripenem, and ertapenem. For strains with an imipenem MIC of 4 g/ml, the MICs for biapenem-RPX7009 were 4 to 16 g/ml, with MICs of 8 to >32 g/ml for meropenem, doripenem, and ertapenem. The inhibitor RPX7009 had no antimicrobial activity when tested alone, and it showed little or no potentiation of biapenem versus anaerobes. Biapenem-RPX7009 showed activity comparable to that of imipenem and was superior to meropenem, doripenem, and ertapenem against imipenem-nonsusceptible Bacteroides spp.

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Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance among Clinical Isolates of Bacteroides fragilis Group in Canada in 2010-2011: CANWARD Surveillance Study

Abstract: Clinical isolates of the

Cited by 95 publications

References 15 publications

Detection of integron-associated gene cassettes and other antimicrobial resistance genes in enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis

Detection of integron-associated gene cassettes and other antimicrobial resistance genes in enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis

Efficacy and Safety of Moxifloxacin in Hospitalized Patients with Secondary Peritonitis: Pooled Analysis of Four Randomized Phase III Trials

In VitroActivity of Biapenem plus RPX7009, a Carbapenem Combined with a Serine β-Lactamase Inhibitor, against Anaerobic Bacteria

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