Prevalence of antinuclear antibodies in central Madhya Pradesh- A prospective study

Hawaldar, Ranjana; Sodani, Sadhna

doi:10.18231/2394-5478.2018.0082

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The most frequent patterns observed were AC-2, AC-21, AC-4,5, AC-9,10 and AC-1. Hadalwar and Sodani [41] found 18.9% mixed patterns in 280 ANA-positive samples from 650 subjects. Speckled and homogeneous patterns were the most frequent single ANA patterns observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The influence of demography and referral medical specialty on the detection of autoantibodies to HEP-2 cells in a large sample of patients

et al. 2022

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Background The prevalence of anti-cell autoantibodies detected by indirect immunofluorescence assay on HEp-2 cells (HEp-2-IIFA) increases with age and is higher in female sex. The number of medical specialties that use HEp-2-IIFA in the investigation of autoimmune diseases has increased lately. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and patterns of autoantibodies on HEp-2-IIFA according to demographics variables and referring medical specialties. Methods A retrospective analysis of the HEp-2-IIFA carried out between January and June of 2017 was performed. The International Consensus on Antinuclear Antibodies Patterns (ICAP) and the Brazilian Consensus on Autoantibodies were used for patterns definition on visual reading of the slides. Anti-cell (AC) codes from ICAP and Brazilian AC codes (BAC) were used for patterns classification. Results From 54,990 samples referred for HEp-2-IIF testing, 20.9% were positive at titer ≥ 1/80. HEp-2-IIFA positivity in females and males was 24% and 12%, respectively (p < 0.0001). The proportion of positive results in the 4 age groups analyzed: 0–19, 20–39, 40–59, and ≥ 60 years was 23.3, 20.2, 20.1, and 22.8%, respectively (p < 0.0001). Considering all positive sera (n = 11,478), AC-4 nuclear fine speckled (37.7%), AC-2 nuclear dense fine speckled (21.3%), BAC-3 nuclear quasi-homogeneous (10%) and mixed/composite patterns (8.8%) were the most prevalent patterns. The specialties that most requested HEp-2-IIFA were general practitioner (20.1%), dermatology (15%), gynecology (9.9%), rheumatology (8.5%), and cardiology (5.8%). HEp-2-IIFA positivity was higher in patients referred by rheumatologists (35.7% vs. 19.6%) (p < 0.0001). Moderate (46.4%) and high (10.8%) titers were more observed in patients referred by rheumatologists (p < 0.0001). We observed a high proportion of mixed and cytoplasmic patterns in samples referred by oncologists and a high proportion of BAC-3 (nuclear quasi-homogeneous) pattern in samples referred by pneumologists. Conclusions One-fifth of the patients studied were HEp-2-IIFA-positive. The age groups with more positive results were 0–19 and ≥ 60 years. AC-4, AC-2, BAC-3 and mixed/composite patterns were the most frequent patterns observed. Rheumatologists requested only 8.5% of HEp-2-IIFA. Positive results and moderate to high titers of autoantibodies were more frequent in patients referred by rheumatologists.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The influence of demography and referral medical specialty on the detection of autoantibodies to HEP-2 cells in a large sample of patients

et al. 2022

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“…The AC-4, AC-2, and BAC-3 were the 3 most frequent single patterns identified in all positive HEp-2-IFA samples. In the literature, the prevalence of mixed patterns varies from 3.5 to 28.6% (5,(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). This wide range of positivity may be explained by differences in sampling, reasons for requesting the exam, as well as the degree of adherence to international recommendations on ANA testing and reporting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soldani and Hadalwar found 13.5% mixed patterns in 280 ANA-positive samples from 650 patients. Speckled (17.85%) and homogeneous (8.59%) nuclear patterns were the most frequent single patterns reported (10). The combinations of reticular and speckled cytoplasmic patterns with nuclear patterns such as AC-4, AC-1, and AC-3 were described in an expressive proportion of patients with autoimmune liver diseases (16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anti-ENA and anti-nDNA are routinely included in the requests. Among these autoantibodies, the anti-Ro is usually the most prevalent antibody detected (10,46,47).…”

Section: Autoantibodies Specificitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the literature, the mixed patterns are cited without details about the patterns involved in the combinations. We identified reports of combinations containing mainly the patterns: nuclear speckled, nuclear homogeneous, nucleolar, and cytoplasmic (10,31,34) or citing combinations of stained cellular domains and the proportion of mixed patterns without specifying the patterns identified (11,12,17). We believe this is the first article that presents the mixed patterns specifying its compositions using an internationally standardized nomenclature.…”

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Complex patterns on HEp-2 indirect immunofluorescence assay in a large sample referred for anti-cell autoantibodies detection

Santos,

Cantuária,

Félix

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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IntroductionThe combination of patterns is a frequent and challenging situation in the daily laboratory routine of autoantibodies testing using HEp-2 cells indirect immunofluorescence assay (HEp-2-IFA). Recently, the Brazilian Consensus on Autoantibodies (BCA) named these combinations as complex patterns (CPs) and organized them into 3 subtypes: multiple, mixed, and composite. This study aimed to describe the most frequent combinations of HEp-2-IIF patterns according to this new nomenclature.MethodsRoutine HEp-2-IFA results reported in January and June 2017 were reviewed using the new BCA classification. Visual pattern recognition was performed by experts on HEp-2-IFA readings, using the International Consensus on Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA) Patterns (ICAP) and BCA recommendations.Results54,990 serum samples from different patients were tested for ANA-HEp-2, and 11,478 (20.9%) were positive at a titer ≥ 1/80. Among these positive samples, 1,111 (9.7%) displayed CPs, divided into 95 different combinations. A higher proportion of CPs was observed in the pediatric age group. Multiple, mixed, and composite patterns were present in 85.3, 5.4, and 9.5% of the samples, respectively. In the multiple/mixed pattern group (n=1,005), double, triple, and quadruple combinations (ICAP/BCA codes) were observed in 97.7%, 2.2%, and 0.1%, respectively. The double nuclear pattern was the most prevalent combination observed (67.6%). The most common CPs registered were AC-4 (nuclear fine speckled) + AC-6,7 (nuclear discrete dots) (n=264); AC-2 (nuclear dense fine speckled) + AC-6,7 (n=201); AC-4+AC-8,9,10 (nucleolar) (n=129); and AC-3 (centromere)+AC-4 (n=124). All of these combinations were in the multiple subgroup.ConclusionAlmost 10% of positive results in the HEp-2 procedure displayed CPs. Among the 3 subtypes of CPs proposed, the multiple pattern was the most prevalent, especially in the pediatric population. The AC-4, AC-2, and AC-6,7 were the most prevalent single patterns observed in the combinations described in this study. There was a significant association between age and the prevalence of most combined patterns. The AC-4+AC-6,7 combination was the most prevalent complex pattern detected regardless of the age group. The AC-2+AC-6,7 was more prevalent in younger individuals. The concepts involved in the CPs definition should add value to the reading and interpretation of the HEp-2-IIF assay.

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Prevalence of Anti-Nuclear Antibody in the Indian Population: A Tertiary Reference Laboratory Study

Chadha¹,

Puranik

Sundharan³

et al. 2022

IJAR

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Background: Autoimmune diseases are known to be the third leading cause of fatality and morbidity amongst the population of industrialized world. They account for 3-9% of health burden in general people, but information regarding prevalence of autoantibodies and autoimmune diseases in developing nations is scarce. To study the prevalence of Anti-nuclear antibodies, Aim: the total number and distribution of different tests used in the diagnosis of anti-nuclear antibody amongst Indian population, and correlate the ndings from these tests with the clinical characteristics of the patients. Retrospective data was evaluated from a Global Reference Method: Diagnostic Laboratory in Mumbai, for a period of 6 years. This included a total of 285095 cases tested for ANA. ANA-IFA and ANA-ELISA were the screening tests used while ANA-ELISA Prole and ANA Blot were the conrmatory tests. ANA by IFA was the most preferred Results: screening test (88.73%) and ANA by Blot was the most preferred Conrmatory test (67.13%) based on their sensitivity and positive predictive value respectively. ANA-IFA showed positivity of 36.48% and ANA by ELISA test had positivity of 11.46%. In conrmatory testing, ANA Blot showed a positivity of 31.90% and ELISA Prole had 23.36% positivity. Females showed signicantly higher positivity for both the screening test and Conrmatory tests than males (p<0.001). Screening by ANA IFA and Conrmatory by Conclusion: ANA Blot was the most preferred tests in our study population. These tests were found to be better for diagnosis, sub-syndrome categorization, prognosis, clinical follow-up and therapeutic strategies in various autoimmune disorders.

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Prevalence of antinuclear antibodies in central Madhya Pradesh- A prospective study

Cited by 3 publications

References 20 publications

The influence of demography and referral medical specialty on the detection of autoantibodies to HEP-2 cells in a large sample of patients

The influence of demography and referral medical specialty on the detection of autoantibodies to HEP-2 cells in a large sample of patients

Complex patterns on HEp-2 indirect immunofluorescence assay in a large sample referred for anti-cell autoantibodies detection

Prevalence of Anti-Nuclear Antibody in the Indian Population: A Tertiary Reference Laboratory Study

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