Prevalence of autoimmune hemolytic anemia in multiple myeloma: A prospective study

Abstract

AIHA should be suspected in MM patients with severe anemia requiring frequent blood transfusions.

Autoimmune manifestations in patients with multiple myeloma and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance

“…Interestingly, one patient in this series had a biclonal (IgG2 and IgA) MM. With the exception of two patients with relapsed myeloma, all patients demonstrated remission of AIHA after therapy for myeloma [20] , [21] . While the pathogenesis of AIHA in MM is unclear, it has been hypothesized that significant immune disturbances may allow the development of clones that produce autoantibodies against erythrocyte surface antigens [22] .…”

“…Some studies claim that 4% of patients MM also have AIHA [6] , [18] , while others suggest that AIHA is only rarely associated with MM [19] . However, a more recent case series reported that 7 of the 66 (10.6%) MM cases were complicated by AIHA and carried red cell autoantibodies in their serum [20] . In addition, another 10 cases of AIHA associated with MM have been recently reported in literature [21] .…”

“…In addition, another 10 cases of AIHA associated with MM have been recently reported in literature [21] . Of those, seven patients had IgG myeloma and four - IgA myeloma [20] , [21] . Interestingly, one patient in this series had a biclonal (IgG2 and IgA) MM.…”

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia and hyperglobulinemia leading to the diagnosis of multiple myeloma

“… 2 AIHA is often associated with B cell lymphoproliferative disorders. It can be observed in approximately 8–15% of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), 3 as well as in other pathologies such as non-Hodgkin lymphoma including Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, 4 but its connection with MM has not yet been well elucidated. A review by Pirofsky 40 years ago showed that only 4% of AIHA cases were due to MM.…”

Autoanti-Jka als Auslöser einer Autoimmunhämolyse bei Multiplem Myelom

“…Obwohl autoimmune Phänomene oft bei anderen malignen hämatologischen Erkrankungen (chronische lymphatische Leukämie, Non-Hodgkin-Lymphome) auftreten, wurde in der Vergangenheit nur von wenigen Fällen von AIHA beim MM berichtet [16]. Allerdings zeigte eine neue prospektive Studie eine höhere Prävalenz als angenommen [17]. Autoantikörper mit einer Allospezifität und vor allem Autoanti-Jk a scheinen bei malignen Erkrankungen hingegen eine Rarität zu sein, zumindest konnten wir bei der PubMed/MEDLINE-Suche keinen weiteren Fall einer durch Autoanti-Jk a verursachten W-AIHA bei dieser Gruppe von Erkrankungen finden.…”