Prevalence of Bovine Trypanosomosis in Dembecha Woreda Amhara Region, Northwest Ethiopia

Abstract

This study was conducted in Dembecha Woreda of Amhara region, Northwest Ethiopia. The study was carried out on 384 indigenous cattle kept in mixed crop-livestock production system to estimate the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis and associated risk factors. The study employed parasitological survey (buffy coat examination) and hematological study (packed cell volume [PCV] and thin blood smear). In the present study, the overall prevalence of trypanosomosis was 8.6% (33/384). Trypanosoma congolense (54.54%) and Trypanosome vivax (45.45%) were the only two species of Trypanosomas encountered in the study area. Among the risk factors, sex and age were found to have no significant association with the prevalence of trypanosomosis (p>0.05), but body condition and coat color of animals were found to have a significant association (p<0.05) with prevalence of trypanosomosis in the studied animals. In this study infected animals were with mean PCV value of 22.94 ± 2.70% which is significantly lower (p<0.05) than that of the non-infected animals (27.24 ± 5.02%). The study concluded that Trypanosomosis being an economically important disease in cattle the 8.6% prevalence entail that more attention should be given to be adapting on integrated disease control strategy including the vector as well as the parasites.

Bovine Trypanosomiasis Prevalence, Farmer’s Perception, Apparent Vector Density and Associated Risk Factors in Dembecha District of Amhara Region, Ethiopia

“…Similar nding of previous reports [19], 63.4% in selected sites of southern region and [20], 54.3% in West Gojjam was recorded. The increased proportion of infection with T. congolense might be due to that major biological vectors are more e cient transmitters of T. congolense than T. vivax in East Africa [7] and this area is sited in ecology of tsetse y of Ethiopia which determines the level of their contact with the host and infection.…”

“…1) as described in Table 1. Based on 2010 census conducted by [7] the total livestock Population is about 312369. Out of this, 162316 cattle were recorded.…”

“…The main constraints of livestock production include infectious diseases, parasitic diseases and protozoa diseases. Thus trypanosomosis is an important protozoan disease in Dembecha district due to ecological availability of tsetse y [7].…”

“…Dentition was applied to age classi cation according to [7] and categorized into three age groups as 1-2 years, 3-5 years,>5years. The study animal body condition was also grouped as stated by [9].…”

Renewable energy adoption and rural livelihoods in Ethiopia

“…The use of cattle dung and crop residue for soil fertility replenishment improves soil fertility and water retention, thereby improving agricultural productivity and substituting chemical fertilizers. Faced with fuelwood shortages, rural households use cattle dung for domestic energy, which can adversely affect agricultural productivity and food security (Guta, 2014;Mekonnen et al, 2017;Mekonnen & Köhlin, 2008).…”