Prevalence of Candida parapsilosis in the Oral Cavities of Infants in Spain

Contreras, Isaac; Pontón, José; Quindós, Guillermo

doi:10.1093/clinids/18.3.480

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…In accordance with these findings, Contreras et al31 observed that C. parapsilosis was the most abundant species in the oral cavity of healthy children. However, over time, this Candida spp was gradually replaced by C. albicans , possibly due to its greater pathogenic potential and antifungal resistance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Associations among the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy, oral candidiasis, oral Candida species and salivary immunoglobulin A in HIV-infected children

Pomarico

Cerqueira

Soares

et al. 2009

Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, an

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Objectives-To examine the impact of antiretroviral therapy on the prevalence of oral candidiasis, recovery of oral Candida species (spp) and salivary levels of total secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) and Candida-specific SIgA in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children.Methods-Sixty six HIV-positive and 40 HIV-negative children were cross-sectionally examined for the presence of oral lesions. Whole stimulated saliva samples were collected for the identification of Candida spp using culture and measurement of total and specific SIgA using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results-HIV-positive children had a higher prevalence of oral candidiasis (p < 0.05); higher frequency of detection of Candida spp (p < 0.05) and higher levels of total (p < 0.05) and Candidaspecific SIgA (p < 0.001) than did HIV-negative children. Among HIV-positive subjects, antiretroviral users had lower viral loads (p < 0.001), lower levels of Candida spp (p < 0.05) and total SIgA (p < 0.05) compared with antiretroviral non-users. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Conclusions-The use of antiretroviral therapy was associated with decreases in the prevalence of oral candidiasis. This diminished exposure to Candida spp was accompanied by decreases in levels of total and Candida-specific SIgA. NIH Public Access

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Associations among the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy, oral candidiasis, oral Candida species and salivary immunoglobulin A in HIV-infected children

Pomarico

Cerqueira

Soares

et al. 2009

Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, an

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“…Candida albicans is the most frequently reported yeast species in the oral cavity of healthy infants, older children and adults ( 11, 19, 22). Contrary to these results, Contreras et al ( 10) found that Candida parapsilosis predominated in the oral cavities of healthy infants under the age of 16 months, whereas C. albicans was the most frequent finding from cases of oral thrush.…”

mentioning

confidence: 82%

Age‐related acquisition of oral and nasopharyngeal yeast species and stability of colonization in young children

Hannula

Saarela

Jousimies‐Somer

et al. 1999

Oral Microbiology and Immunology

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The occurrence and stability of colonization of oral yeast species and strains was determined from 40 healthy children during a 22-month follow-up at the ages 2, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. In addition, salivary samples were obtained from the mothers at baseline (2 months) to study the role of the mother as the source of yeasts for the child. Yeasts were recovered at least once from 17/40 (43%) children by the age of 2 years. Of the 40 children, 11 (28%) were yeast-positive at multiple sampling occasions. No significant differences were found in recovery frequency of yeasts at different ages. Candida parapsilosis was isolated in 18/33 (55%) yeast-positive samples, and it predominated (share of positive findings 76%) at ages 12 to 24 months. The same yeast species was rarely detected in successive follow-up samples and thus on species level yeasts were transient colonizers in the developing oral flora of the children. Of the mothers 20/40 (50%) harbored yeasts. Candida albicans was recovered from 19/20 (95%) of the yeast-positive mothers and C. parapsilosis from none. Only 7/20 (35%) of the mothers with a yeast-positive finding had a yeast-positive child. In 5/7 (71%) of these mother-child pairs, both harbored the same yeast species (C. albicans) and in 3/5 (60%) of the pairs the AP-PCR profiles of the yeast isolates were identical suggesting possible transmission. In children, significant relationships (Fisher's exact-test, P < 0.05) were found between recovery of yeasts and use of pacifier at age over 12 months, eruption of first teeth at age over 6 months, mother cooling the child's food by blowing and mother cleaning the child's pacifier in her own mouth. In mothers, a significant relationship existed between recovery of yeasts and use of antibiotics.

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“…In fact, colonization of the skin or gastrointestinal tract is frequently the first step in the pathogenesis of invasive candidosis, and neonates are especially prone to such infections given their compromised skin integrity, susceptibility to gastrointestinal tract infection, long-term need for central venous or umbilical catheters and prolonged endotracheal intubation (Benjamin et al, 2000). Furthermore, C. parapsilosis has been isolated from approximately one-third of neonates with gastrointestinal colonization by Candida species (Saiman et al, 2001) and from oropharynges of 23% of healthy neonates (Contreras et al, 1994). Furthermore, in contrast to other NCAC species, the rates of mortality in low-birth-weight neonates caused by C. parapsilosis are drastically higher and sometimes equivalent to those associated with C. albicans (Trofa et al, 2008).…”

Section: Epidemiology and Risk Factors In Ncac Species Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosisandCandida tropicalis: biology, epidemiology, pathogenicity and antifungal resistance

et al. 2012

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The incidence of infections caused by Candida species (candidosis) has increased considerably over the past three decades, mainly due to the rise of the AIDS epidemic, an increasingly aged population, higher numbers of immunocompromised patients and the more widespread use of indwelling medical devices. Candida albicans is the main cause of candidosis; however, non-C. albicans Candida (NCAC) species such as Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis and Candida parapsilosis are now frequently identified as human pathogens. The apparent increased emergence of these species as human pathogens can be attributed to improved identification methods and also associated with the degree of diseases of the patients, the interventions that they were subjected and the drugs used. Candida pathogenicity is facilitated by a number of virulence factors, most importantly adherence to host surfaces including medical devices, biofilm formation and secretion of hydrolytic enzymes (e.g. proteases, phospholipases and haemolysins). Furthermore, despite extensive research to identify pathogenic factors in fungi, particularly in C. albicans, relatively little is known about NCAC species. This review provides information on the current state of knowledge on the biology, identification, epidemiology, pathogenicity and antifungal resistance of C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis and C. tropicalis.

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Prevalence of Candida parapsilosis in the Oral Cavities of Infants in Spain

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Associations among the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy, oral candidiasis, oral Candida species and salivary immunoglobulin A in HIV-infected children

Associations among the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy, oral candidiasis, oral Candida species and salivary immunoglobulin A in HIV-infected children

Age‐related acquisition of oral and nasopharyngeal yeast species and stability of colonization in young children

Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosisandCandida tropicalis: biology, epidemiology, pathogenicity and antifungal resistance

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