Prevalence of comorbidities and their associated factors in patients with type 2 diabetes at a tertiary care department in Ningbo, China: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

ObjectivesTo determine the prevalence of comorbidities in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and identify the factors independently associated with comorbidities in a tertiary care department in Ningbo, China.DesignA computerised medical records database was used to conduct a cross-sectional study.SettingThe study was conducted in a tertiary care department in Ningbo, China.ParticipantsThe study was conducted on adult patients with T2DM, and it included 8 years of data, from 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2019.The primary outcome measureComorbidity was defined as the coexistence of at least one other chronic condition, that is, either a physical non-communicable disease (duration ≥3 months), a mental health condition (duration ≥3 months) or an infectious disease (duration ≥3 months).ResultsIn total, 4777 patients with T2DM satisfied the eligibility criteria. Over 8 years, the prevalence of comorbidities was 93.7%. The odds of comorbidities increased with the age of patients (18 to 39 years: 1; 40 to 59 years: OR 2.80, 95% CI 1.98 to 3.96; 60 to 69 years: OR 4.43, 95% CI 3.04 to 6.44; and ≥70 years: OR 10.97, 95% CI 7.17 to 16.77). The odds were lower in female patients (OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.51 to 0.84), patients residing in rural areas (OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.59 to 0.95) and patients without health insurance (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.46 to 0.83). The odds were higher in single/divorced/widowed patients compared with those in married patients (OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.21 to 3.12).ConclusionsA large percentage of patients with T2DM in the tertiary care department in Ningbo, China, had comorbidities, and the factors associated with comorbidities were identified. The findings could be used in developing, evaluating and implementing interventions aimed at improving outcomes in patients with T2DM with comorbidities.

Health‐related quality of life of people with type 2 diabetes and its associated factors at a tertiary care clinic in Ningbo, China: A cross‐sectional study

“… 37 A previous study conducted by the team found mental health conditions to be uncommon in the T2DM population in Ningbo, noting the risk of under‐reporting. 38 The present study suggests that problems with anxiety and depression are in fact relatively common in this population, which can be the case even when a formal diagnosis is lacking. The interplay between chronic diseases such as diabetes and mental health is complex.…”

Prevalence of osteoporosis in patients with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

“…Obesity was defined as BMI ≥ 28 kg/m 2 in China and ≥ 30 kg/m 2 in other countries [12,13]. Of 21 studies, two were excluded from the analysis because they did not mention BMI [14,15].…”

Analysis of age-dependent gene-expression in human tissues for diabetes comorbidities.

“…Consequently, there is the need to shed light on the insurgence and progression of comorbidities by elucidating the time of their onset and their genetic relations [3,4,5]. Moreover comorbidities can vary with age, sex, and external factors such as environmental issues related to living areas [6,7,8,9]. Figure 1: Boxplots illustrate the pattern of two genes expressions.…”