Prevalence of dental caries and dental fluorosis among 12 and 15 years old school children in relation to fluoride concentration in drinking water in an endemic fluoride belt of Andhra Pradesh

Shekar, BR Chandra; Cheluvaiah, Manjunath Bhadravathi; Namile, Dinesh

doi:10.4103/0019-557x.99902

Cited by 37 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…6,7 In Brazil, most cities have more than one water supply source and these sources have not yet been appropriately studied regarding fluorination levels. Therefore, population-based studies are required, especially considering that the population currently has access to various additional sources of fluoride, in particular fluoridated dentifrice.…”

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confidence: 99%

Dental fluorosis and its influence on children’s life

et al. 2015

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This study verified the prevalence of dental fluorosis in 12-year-old children and its association with different fluoride levels in the public water supply, and evaluated the level of perception of dental fluorosis by the studied children. To assess fluorosis prevalence, clinical examinations were performed and a structured instrument was used to evaluate the self-perception of fluorosis. The water supply source in the children's area of residence since birth was used as the study criterion. In total, 496 children were included in the study. Fluorosis was diagnosed in 292 (58.9%) children; from these, 220 (44.4%) children were diagnosed with very mild fluorosis, 59 (11.9%) with mild fluorosis, 12 (2.4%) with moderate fluorosis, and 1 (0.2%) child with severe fluorosis. A significant association (p = 0.0004) was observed between the presence of fluorosis and areas with excessive fluoride in the water supply. Among the 292 children that showed fluorosis, 40% perceived the presence of spots in their teeth. The prevalence of fluorosis was slightly high, and the mildest levels were the most frequently observed. Although most of the children showed fluorosis to various degrees, the majority did not perceive these spots, suggesting that this alteration did not affect their quality of life.

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confidence: 99%

Dental fluorosis and its influence on children’s life

et al. 2015

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“…Indeed, recent epidemiological surveys reveal a high prevalence of enamel hypomineralization, even in areas where the concentration of fluoride in water was reduced. (20,21) In addition, the prevalence of DF in the US among adolescents aged 12-15 was higher in 1999-2004 than in 1986-1987. (22) This as of yet unexplained increased sensitivity to fluoride coincides with the increased incidence of several diseases cited above and the emergence of MIH.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Exposure to Bisphenol A Exacerbates Dental Fluorosis in Growing Rats

Jedeon

Houari

Loiodice

et al. 2016

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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Enamel defects resulting from environmental conditions and way of life are public health concerns because of their high prevalence. Because their etiology is unclear, the aim of this study was to analyze the various forms of enamel hypomineralization, and to characterize the genes involved in this process to determine the mechanisms involved in disruptions of amelogenesis. We used bisphenol A (BPA) and fluoride as models; both are commonly encountered in human populations and utilized in dentistry. Wistar rats were chronically exposed to 5 μg/kg/day BPA from day 1 of gestation to day 65 after birth (P65) and 5 mM fluoride from P21 to P65. Resulting enamel defects were comparable to the human enamel pathologies molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) and dental fluorosis (DF) respectively, and were more severe in rats exposed to both agents than to each agent alone. Large-scale transcriptomic analysis of dental epithelium showed a small group of genes the expression of which was affected by exposure to BPA or NaF. Among the most modulated, many are directly involved in amelogenesis (Amelx, Enam, Klk4, Mmp12, Slc26a4, and Slc5a8), and can be regrouped as forming the "hypomineralization enameloma." Each of these gene expression perturbations may contribute to enamel defects. Exposure to BPA weakens enamel, making it more prone to generate frequent mineralization defects MIH and DF. Our study identifies hypomineralization genes that may enable the use of dental enamel as an early marker of exposure to environmental toxicants because of its unique ability to retrospectively record ameloblast pathophysiology. © 2016 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

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“…This estimate in our study is very less as compared to other studies done in other states of India. A higher prevalence of 91.2% was reported from the Punjab, 10 61-66.7% from Birbhum, West Bengal 11 , 71% from Nalgonda in south 12 and 45.7% from Rajasthan. 13 The present study did not show severe fluorosis in any of the students and only 0.2% of students had moderate fluorosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…14 On the contrary, another study conducted among children of Tamil Nadu and Nalgonda, prevalence was reported more among boys than girls. 12,15 Majority of the children were in intellectually average intelligence group (grade III: 83.3%). Higher proportion of boys belonged to intellectually above average and average intelligence group as compared to girls; however, the difference was not significant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Fluoride Exposure Through Drinking Water on the Oral Health Status and Intelligence Profile of School Children of District Una, Himachal Pradesh: An Interim Analysis

Sharma¹,

Singh²,

Kumar³

et al. 2016

jemds

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BACKGROUND This interim analysis of an ongoing project aims to study the association of fluoride levels with dental fluorosis and intelligence among children of 10-14 years of age in study area. MATERIALS AND METHODSThe study was conducted in randomly selected 15 government high schools of District Una, Himachal Pradesh. The analysis of seven schools is being discussed with a sample size of 270. Dean's Fluorosis index was used to study fluorosis level and Intelligence test was conducted on students by using Raven's standard progressive matrices questionnaire.Study Duration-Nine months. RESULTSDental fluorosis was observed among 11.5% of students. It was higher among females (12.4%) as compared to males (10.6%). The intelligence level assessment of student showed that all of them were in the range of above average; about 83.3% of students were having grade III (Average) level of intelligence. CONCLUSIONAs the fluorosis level increased, the proportion of children with lower intelligence increased. Based on the findings, the chronic exposure to high levels of fluoride can be one of the factors that influence intellectual development.

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Prevalence of dental caries and dental fluorosis among 12 and 15 years old school children in relation to fluoride concentration in drinking water in an endemic fluoride belt of Andhra Pradesh

Cited by 37 publications

References 1 publication

Dental fluorosis and its influence on children’s life

Dental fluorosis and its influence on children’s life

Chronic Exposure to Bisphenol A Exacerbates Dental Fluorosis in Growing Rats

Effect of Fluoride Exposure Through Drinking Water on the Oral Health Status and Intelligence Profile of School Children of District Una, Himachal Pradesh: An Interim Analysis

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