Background: Physical inactivity during adolescence and youth has been considered as potential risk factor for future mental health problems. The present study was conducted with the aim to examine whether an association exists between leisure-time physical activity (PA) and depression among the youth of Kangra district, studying in professional or degree colleges. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the students of Medical College (MC), Central University (CU) and Industrial Training Institute (ITI) of Kangra district. 370 adolescents and youth of age <25 years, who consented to participate, were recruited. The sample size was divided into three parts among all the three institutes. Only one question regarding leisure time PA (LTPA) was asked, as to how many hours spent in the last week; and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale for Children (CES-DC) was used. Results: There were 124 participants from ITI, 126 from CU and 120 from MC. The mean score of CES-DC was highest among CU students 22.7 (±11.0) and lowest among MC students; 13.6 (±9.2). Low LTPA (<4 h) was significantly associated with higher depressive symptoms among all students (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]; 3.34 [1.41–7.92]). Conclusion: LTPA was associated with lower rates of depression.

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A married casual labor couple was found hanging in their makeshift bedroom with each end of a single chunni (a cloth worn around the neck by Indian women) spread across an iron bar below the roof. They left their two children, daughter, and son of 4 and 3 yrs age, respectively, with their grandmother living separately nearby, and went to attend cremation of one of their relatives. They returned late in the evening and found hanging in their bedroom next morning by neighbors.

BACKGROUND This interim analysis of an ongoing project aims to study the association of fluoride levels with dental fluorosis and intelligence among children of 10-14 years of age in study area. MATERIALS AND METHODSThe study was conducted in randomly selected 15 government high schools of District Una, Himachal Pradesh. The analysis of seven schools is being discussed with a sample size of 270. Dean's Fluorosis index was used to study fluorosis level and Intelligence test was conducted on students by using Raven's standard progressive matrices questionnaire.Study Duration-Nine months. RESULTSDental fluorosis was observed among 11.5% of students. It was higher among females (12.4%) as compared to males (10.6%). The intelligence level assessment of student showed that all of them were in the range of above average; about 83.3% of students were having grade III (Average) level of intelligence. CONCLUSIONAs the fluorosis level increased, the proportion of children with lower intelligence increased. Based on the findings, the chronic exposure to high levels of fluoride can be one of the factors that influence intellectual development.

Ge eo oJ Jo ou ur rn na al l o of f T To ou ur ri is sm m a an nd d G Ge eo os si it te es s Year X XI II I, vol. 26, no. 3