Prevalence of depression among adults with sickle cell disease in the Southern Region of Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Objectives:Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) as other chronic medical conditions is commonly complicated by psychiatric symptoms. Saudi SCD patients are usually originally from Eastern and Southwestern Provinces. The main objective of our study was to evaluate the prevalence of depression among adults with SCD in southern region of Saudi Arabia. We also studied the sociodemographic profiles for these individuals.Methods:We conducted a cross-sectional study among subjects (n=78) in Armed Forces Hospital, Southern Saudi Arabia using an Arabic version of a Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression HAM-D that has received widespread use and have undergone reliability and validity testing. The data were analyzed by SPSS 22 package program. Pearson’s chi-squared test is used to examine the association between the categorical outcome variables A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:Most of the participants were young adults (26.4± 9.2 years), single females not working who are originally from Jizan and Mahayel Aseer, Southern Saudi Arabia. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 85.9%. When the association between depression in SCD patients and different demographic characters was tested, no significant relation between depression and any factors was discovered.Conclusion:This study confirms that depression is common in adult patients with SCD as confirmed by previous studies. On the other hand, socio-demographic factors were not significant predictors of depression in SCD patients. Further research is needed to explore the magnitude and impact of this problem at the national level.

Impact of Depression in Sickle Cell Disease Hospitalization-Related Outcomes: An Analysis of the National Inpatient Sample (NIS)

“…Although some studies have evaluated the association between SCD and comorbid depression, there is a dearth of literature relating to gender differences among adult SCD patients with comorbid depression. There are a few studies which show no significant association between gender and comorbid depression among SCD patients [25,26,27]. However, our results are consistent with findings from other studies, which also reported that comorbid depression was significantly higher among females with SCD compared to males [12,14,28].…”

Depression Among Keratoconus Patients in Saudi Arabia

“…When compared to other chronic conditions, the depression prevalence among keratoconus patients in Saudi Arabia is at the middle ground between higher depression rates of sickle cell anemia (48.2%-85.9%) [ 22 , 23 ] and chronic pain (71%) [ 24 ] and lower depression rates of chronic kidney disease (6.8%-24.6%) [ 25 , 26 ] and type 2 diabetes mellitus (33.8%) [ 27 ].…”

Prevalência da doença falciforme em adultos com diagnóstico tardio

“…(20) One study with 78 participants, in southern Saudi Arabia, identified a larger proportion of women (64.1%) with SCD. (21) In another observational study conducted in the state of Wisconsin, the number of women receiving care in the outpatient clinic was 64 (65%). (22) Also in the United States, in another study conducted by the University of Illinois, 86 (65%) were women.…”

“…A study of 200 participants with HbSS (1 -49 years old) attending the hematology clinics of Lagos University Hospital, Nigeria, revealed that the mean age was 18.8 ± 14.39 years; in another, developed in southern Saudi Arabia, with a group of 78 receiving care at a referral hospital, the mean was 26.4 ± 9.2 years. (21) The advent of neonatal screening, antibiotic prophylaxis, better vaccines, safer blood transfusion, iron chelation, and hydroxyurea therapy have improved the survival of patients with SCD. (17,(23)(24)(25)(26)(27) The life expectancy of children has increased, and SCD changed from a childhood disease to become a chronic disease.…”