Prevalence of diabetes and impaired fasting glucose in Peru: report from PERUDIAB, a national urban population-based longitudinal study

Abstract

ObjectivesWe aimed to estimate the prevalences of diabetes and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in a national sample in Peru and assess the relationships with selected sociodemographic variables.MethodsWe estimated prevalence in PERUDIAB study participants, a nationwide, stratified urban and suburban population selected by random cluster sampling. Between 2010 and 2012, questionnaires were completed and blood tests obtained from 1677 adults ≥25 years of age. Known diabetes was defined as participants having been told so by a doctor or nurse and/or receiving insulin or oral antidiabetic agents. Newly diagnosed diabetes was defined as fasting plasma glucose ≥126 mg/dL determined during the study and without a previous diabetes diagnosis. IFG was defined as fasting plasma glucose of 100–125 mg/dL.ResultsThe estimated national prevalence of diabetes was 7.0% (95% CI 5.3% to 8.7%) and it was 8.4% (95% CI 5.6% to 11.3%) in metropolitan Lima. No gender differences were detected. Known and newly diagnosed diabetes prevalences were estimated as 4.2% and 2.8%, respectively. A logistic regression response surface model showed a complex trend for an increased prevalence of diabetes in middle-aged individuals and in those with no formal education. Diabetes prevalence was higher in coastal (8.2%) than in highlands (4.5%; p=0.03), and jungle (3.5%; p<0.02) regions. The estimated national prevalence of IFG was 22.4%, higher in males than in females (28.3% vs 19.1%; p<0.001), and higher in coastal (26.4%) than in highlands (17.4%; p=0.03), but not jungle regions (14.9%; p=0.07).ConclusionsThis study confirms diabetes as an important public health problem, especially for middle-aged individuals and those with no formal education. 40% of the affected individuals were undiagnosed. The elevated prevalence of IFG shows that nearly a quarter of the adult population of Peru has an increased risk of diabetes.

Prevalence and Risk Factors associated with Impaired Fasting Glucose in Adults from Maracaibo City, Venezuela

“…All of these are lower than estimations in the USA (26%) [4]. In contrast to the CARMELA study, the PERUDIAB study recently evaluated 1,677 Peruvian individuals aged ≥ 25 years, estimating a general IFG prevalence of 22.4% [29]. Reports on prediabetes are scarce in Venezuela, although there is a report from a rural population in Merida State, in the Andean Region, which found 18.6% of the individuals to have IFG [30], a similar rate to the findings in our study (19.5%).…”

Tuberculosis en el Perú: Situación epidemiológica, avances y desafíos para su control

“…La prevalencia de diabetes mellitus (DM) en el Perú, se estima en 7,0% (IC 95% 5,3% a 8,7%) y 8,4% (IC 95% 5,6% a 11,3%) en Lima Metropolitana (15) . La norma nacional dispone que toda persona con TB debe ser evaluada para descartar DM mediante la determinación de la glicemia en ayunas.…”

Salud pública e investigación: La agenda pendiente

“…El incremento en la prevalencia de diabetes, hipertensión y obesidad representa una gran preocupación. Se calcula que el 7% de la población peruana es diabética (habiéndose duplicado su prevalencia en Lima en la última década) y que el 40% de diabéticos desconocen su diagnóstico (1) . La hipertensión ha incrementado su prevalencia del 23 al 27% (2) y la prevalencia de obesidad se estima en 17% (3) .…”