Prevalence of diabetes in Brazil over time: a systematic review with meta-analysis

Abstract

Diabetes is one of the most important epidemic diseases of this century and the number of people with diabetes has more than doubled over the past three decades. Our aim was to estimate the prevalence of diabetes in the adult Brazilian population and analyze the trends for the last three decades through a systematic review with meta-analysis. This review included observational studies published between 1980 and 2015, which were independently identified by two reviewers in five databases. Random effect models were used to estimate the prevalence and trends of diabetes. In total, 50 articles were included in this review. Three different patterns for diabetes diagnosis were identified: self-report (36 studies), fasting glucose (7 studies), and complex diagnosis (fasting glucose, oral glucose tolerance test, and self-report; 7 studies). The prevalence of diabetes was 5.6 % (95 % CI 5.0–6.3; I2 = 100 %) by self-report, 6.6 % (95 % CI 4.8–8.9; I2 = 94 %) by fasting glucose, and 11.9 % (95 % CI 7.7–17.8 I2 = 100 %) by complex diagnosis. In trend analyses, we observed an increase in the prevalence of diabetes over time. The biggest increase was detected in studies using complex diagnosis: 7.4 % (95 % CI 7.1–7.7) in the 1980s to 15.7 % (95 % CI 9.8–24.3) in the 2010s. In conclusion, despite high heterogeneity, this study observed a high prevalence of diabetes in Brazilian adults over time and with a progressive increase in the last 35 years.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13098-016-0181-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Prevalence of type 2 diabetes among adolescents in Brazil: Findings from Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents (ERICA)

“…12 This study was the first school-based report in Latin America to estimate the prevalence of T2DM and prediabetes among youth. Our results indicate that T2DM has reached epidemic proportions not only in adults, 5 but also in adolescents in Brazil. Extrapolation of our results to the adolescent population in cities with more than 100 000 inhabitants resulted in 200 000 living with T2DM and almost 1.5 million with prediabetes, a condition that has been shown to increase cardiovascular risk in this population.…”

“…Extrapolation of our results to the adolescent population in cities with more than 100 000 inhabitants resulted in 200 000 living with T2DM and almost 1.5 million with prediabetes, a condition that has been shown to increase cardiovascular risk in this population . Several previous studies have reported a rapid increase in the prevalence of diabetes in Brazil, mostly in adults . However, most of these studies were based on self‐reports.…”

“…Brazil, a middle‐income country, has the fourth largest T2DM patient population in the world . In a systematic review including more than one million people, T2DM prevalence in Brazil was found to be 11.9%, showing a progressive increase over the previous three decades …”

HbA1c measurement in diabetes diagnosis and management of diabetes in latin: proceedings of the San Pablo Symposium

“…Has a total population of 206 million inhabitants with a life expectancy of 74.8 years 13 . Diabetes prevalence is 8.68% (equivalent to 11.6 million people with diabetes); with this figure Brazil is the 4 th nation in terms of number of people with diabetes in the world, just after China, India and the USA 14,15 .…”

“…Not all people with diabetes have yearly control of HbA1c and not all the laboratories in the country use for its measurement methods certified by the National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program (NGSP) 13 .…”