Prevalence of Dirofilaria immitis in Dogs in Shenyang, Northeastern China

Liu, Chengwu; Yang, Na; He, Jun; Yang, Min; Sun, Ming

doi:10.3347/kjp.2013.51.3.375

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…As shown in Table 2 , the overall recorded seroprevalence of D. immitis in dogs in Henan province, central China was 13.18% (155/1176). Compared with other provinces or cities in China, it was lower than the values of 51.6% in dogs in a study performed in Changchun [ 8 ], 38.9% in Taiwan [ 22 ], 24.0% in Dandong [ 9 ], and 18.8% in Shenzhen [ 20 ], similar to those observed in Shenyang (12.7%) [ 13 ] and Nanning (13.3%) [ 20 ], but higher than those observed in Heilongjiang (1.1%) [ 21 ], Guizhou (5.0%) [ 7 ], Kunming (6.7%), Chongqing (10.0%), Nanchang (10.0%), and Fuzhou (12.0%) [ 20 ]. The differences in prevalence of D. immitis among these regions may be due to differences in ecological and geographical factors, detection methods used, survey periods, sample sizes, and breed of dog populations in these areas.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 49%

“…There are many reports on the prevalence of D. immitis infection in dogs from various countries, including Korea [ 3 ], Iran [ 10 ], Poland [ 11 ], Portugal [ 1 ], Costa Rica [ 18 ], and Hungary [ 2 ]. In recent years, studies of D. immitis infection in dogs have been undertaken in different regions of China ( Table 1 [ 6 – 9 , 13 , 20 – 22 ]). These reports show that canine dirofilariasis is endemic in China.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence ofDirofilaria immitisinfection in dogs in Henan province, central China

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2016

Parasite

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The heartworm Dirofilaria immitis is the causative agent of cardiopulmonary dirofilariosis in dogs and cats, and also infects humans. However, there has been no study on dirofilariasis in dogs in central China. From March 2015 to February 2016, sera from 1176 randomly selected household dogs from Henan province, central China were examined for D. immitis antigen using the Canine Heartworm Antigen Test Kit. The overall seroprevalence of D. immitis in dogs in Henan province was 13% (155/1176). The prevalence was significantly higher in older dogs and dogs kept outdoors, compared to the younger ones and those sheltered indoors. No significant difference of prevalence was observed between sexes. The results suggest that the risk of exposure to D. immitis in dogs is high in Henan, and prophylaxis against the parasite is advisable to decrease the incidence of canine dirofilariosis in this region.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 49%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence ofDirofilaria immitisinfection in dogs in Henan province, central China

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2016

Parasite

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“…There is very little reliable information on vector-borne agents in dogs in China with only eight reports for the entire country: three using serology (7, 10, 11), one using PCR (13), three using serology and PCR (9, 14, 15), and one using PCR and microscopy (12). Studies with PCR and/or serology methods have indicated the E. canis occurs in dogs from Shenzhen, Guangzhou and Hong Kong [ 7 – 9 ] and D. immitis in dogs from Beijing, Shanghai, Chongqing, Yunnan, Guangdong and Shenyang provinces/ municipalities [ 7 , 10 , 11 ]. Molecular based studies have shown D. immitis in dogs from Liaoning province [ 12 ] and leishmaniasis to be common in dogs in Sichuan province [ 13 – 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular detection of vector-borne agents in dogs from ten provinces of China

Zhang

Shi

et al. 2015

Parasites Vectors

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BackgroundAlthough many vector-borne agents are potential zoonoses and cause substantial morbidity and mortality in dogs worldwide, there are limited data on these organisms in dogs of China.MethodsQuantitative PCRs for vector-borne agents were performed to investigate their prevalences in convenience whole blood samples obtained from 1114 dogs from 21 veterinary clinics and a commercial dog breeding facility in ten provinces of China. In addition, the PCRs were performed on 146 Rhipicephalus sanguineus senso lato and 37 Linognathus setosus collected from dogs in the commercial dog breeding facility.ResultsDNAs of Babesia gibsoni and B. vogeli (1.2 %), Ehrlichia canis (1.3 %), Hepatozoon canis (1.8 %) and Theileria orientalis (0.1 %) or a closely related organism were detected in the bloods of the dogs studied, and Babesia vogeli (3.4 %) and Ehrlichia canis (4.1 %) in R. sanguineus senso lato. The qPCRs for Anaplasma spp., Dirofilaria immitis and Leishmania spp. were negative for all blood samples, ticks and lice. At least one vector-borne agent was found in dogs from 5 of the 10 provinces investigated in this study. Overall, 4.4 % (49/1117) of the dogs studied were positive for at least one vector-borne agent with the prevalence being highest in the commercial breeding colony (24/97; 24.7 %).ConclusionsOur study confirms that B. vogeli, B. gibsoni, H. canis, and E. canis occur in China. Also, we present evidence that T. orientalis or a closely related organism can infect dogs.

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“…D. immitis has been frequently detected in cats in many countries, including the United States [ 7 ], Canary Islands [ 8 ], Malaysia [ 9 ], Korea [ 10 ], Portugal [ 11 ], and Italy [ 12 ]. In China, several studies have reported the prevalence of D. immitis in dogs, 12.7% in Shenyang city and 24.0% in Dandong city, northeastern China [ 13 , 14 ], 13% in Henan province and 31.2% in Xian city, central China [ 15 , 16 ]. The prevalence is 13.5% in southern China, such as Nanchang, Fuzhou, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Nanning [ 17 ].…”

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confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Dirofilaria immitis in Cats from Liaoning Province, Northeastern China

et al. 2017

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The present study was performed to investigate the seroprevalence and risk factors for Dirofilaria immitis infection in cats from Liaoning province, northeastern China. From October 2014 to September 2016, sera of 651 cats, including 364 domestic cats and 287 feral cats (332 females and 319 males) were assessed. They were tested for the presence of D. immitis antigen using SNAP Heartworm RT test kit. In this population, the average prevalence was 4.5%. Age and rearing conditions (feral or domestic) were found to be associated with the prevalence of D. immitis. The prevalence was significantly higher in feral cats compared with domestic cats (8.4% vs 1.4%, P<0.01). There was no significant difference between males and females (4.7% vs 4.2%, P>0.05), but older cats (≥3 years old) showed a statistically higher prevalence compared with younger cats (<3 years old) in feral populations (16.8 vs 2.4%, P<0.01), while the difference between the age groups was not statistically significant in domestic cats (2.4% vs 0.51%, P>0.05), all these results suggest that outdoor exposure time may be one of the most important factors for D. immitis prevalence in cats. Results reveal that D. immitis are prevalence in domestic and feral cats in northeastern China, which indicates that appropriate preventive measures should be taken to decrease the incidence of feline heartworm disease in Liaoning province, northeastern China.

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Prevalence of Dirofilaria immitis in Dogs in Shenyang, Northeastern China

Cited by 15 publications

References 13 publications

Prevalence ofDirofilaria immitisinfection in dogs in Henan province, central China

Prevalence ofDirofilaria immitisinfection in dogs in Henan province, central China

Molecular detection of vector-borne agents in dogs from ten provinces of China

Seroprevalence of Dirofilaria immitis in Cats from Liaoning Province, Northeastern China

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