Prevalence of elevated liver enzymes and its relationship with type 2 diabetes mellitus in North Indian adults

Abstract

Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) also referred as metabolic as metabolic (dysfunction) associated fatty liver disease. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major cause in progression of NAFLD and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The aim of the present study is to assess the activity of liver enzymes in T2DM in North Indian population. Method This was a cross-sectional descriptive study clinic-based study in patients with T2DM. A total of 612 participants (226 healthy controls and 386 T2DM) were recruited. Body mass index (BMI), activity of liver enzymes including alanine and aspartate aminotransferase (ALT, AST) along with alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was measured. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) along with total protein (TP) and albumin were also measured. Quantitative variables were expressed as mean ± SD, while qualitative variables as frequencies (%). Pearson/Spearman correlation test, unpaired t -test, Chi-squared test was used to assess the correlation, association and significant differences between study groups respectively. A P-value of < .05 was set as statistically significant. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) ® Statistics, version 23 (IBM SPSS Statistics, Armonk, NY) was used to for analysis of data. Results The study was conducted on 386 T2DM patients, and out of 386 patients, 139 (36.01%) were male (P < .000) and 247 (63.98%) were female. The mean age of the T2DM patients was 46.4 ± 13.6 years, while healthy individuals have mean age of 39.2 ± 12.0 years (P < .000). It was observed that the activity of AST in T2DM is comparable with the healthy persons (P = .060). While the level of ALT, total bilirubin and ALP in T2DM is significantly higher compared to healthy control (P < .000). On average, 62.53% of T2DM subjects and 32% of participants of healthy subjects had abnormal liver enzymes activity. Conclusion The present study has revealed widely co-existent derangements in liver function tests (LFTs) in the diabetic population of North India. A detailed workup in such patients may be helpful in timely diagnosis and treatment. Moreover, early detection and management of abnormal liver parameters in T2DM would help minimize liver-related morbidity and mortality.

The Frequency of Abnormally High Liver Enzymes and their Connection to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

“…These findings were comparable to the previous studies. [22,23] As much as 71.2% of the general population and 70.0% of the T2DM population in previous study have abnormal LFTs. [24].…”

Liver Functions in Type 2 Diabetes Individuals after Pfizer Vaccination in Iraqi Patients

“…In this current study (Table 1) in Iraq to investigate the effect of the Pfizer vaccine on patients with type -2 diabetes mellitus, our findings revealed no effect of the Pfizer vaccine on AST (Aspartate transaminase) Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a kind of metabolic disorder caused by an imbalance in insulin synthesis, insulin production, or both, which promotes persistent hyperglycemia, the major cause of diabetic complications such as failing over time and disruption to a variety of organ systems [17]. The liver is crucial in the pathophysiology of this illness [18]. AST is a pyridoxal phosphorus enzyme present in the cytoplasm as well as the mitochondria.…”

Genetic and clinical study of myeloperoxidase's association with coronary artery disease

“…Hematological parameters: RBC 3.5–5.5 10 12 /l, WBC3.5–10 10 9 /l, GRAN1.2–8 10 9 /l, LYM 5–5.5 10 9 /l, MID 1–1.5 10 9 /l, HB 11.5–16.5 g/dl, HCT 35–55%, MCV 75–100 fl, MCH 25–35 pg, MCHC31-38 g/dl, RDW% 1–16%, RDWa 30–150 fl, PLT 100–400 10 9 /l, PCT 0.01–9.99%, MPV 8–11 fl, PDW 0.1–9.99 fl, PLCR 0.1–9.99%. [ 12 ].…”