Prevalence of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli virulence genes from scouring piglets in Zimbabwe

Madoroba, Evelyn; Driessche, Edilbert Van; Greve, Henri De; Mast, Jan; Ncube, Ignatious; Read, John S.; Beeckmans, Sonia

doi:10.1007/s11250-009-9345-4

Cited by 27 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…Some reports have shown the association of F41 with F5, because these genes are co-expressed (Madoroba et al, 2009); nevertheless, we only found this association in two isolates from piglets with diarrhoea.…”

Section: Haemolytic Activity In Strains Of E Colicontrasting

confidence: 87%

“…Diarrhoea remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in livestock and is one of the most common diseases of suckling and weaning piglets worldwide. These diseases have negative economic effects in the pork industry due to high mortality and reduced growth rate (Vu-Khac et al, 2004;Zhang et al, 2007;Madoroba et al, 2009). In neonatal and weaning piglets, E. coli induces acute and watery diarrhoea that may be followed by terminal septicaemia, an important cause of economic loss for swine producers (Lee et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of virulence genes in Escherichia coli strains isolated from piglets in the suckling and weaning period in Mexico

Toledo

Gómez

Cruz

et al. 2012

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Faecal Escherichia coli isolates from suckling (n5503) and weaning (n5450) piglets with and without diarrhoea from 10 farms in Mexico were examined for identification and prevalence of virulence genes. E. coli isolates were tested further for enterotoxin (LT, STa, STb, Stx1, Stx2 and EAST1), fimbrial (F4, F5, F6, F17, F18 and F41) and eae adhesin genes by multiplex PCR. Of the 953 isolates of E. coli examined by multiplex PCR, 650 (68.2 %) isolates were positive for at least one adhesin gene. Among the isolates from diarrhoeic piglets, F41 (72 %) was the most prevalent adhesin followed by eae adhesin (27 %), F6 (12 %), F17 (9 %), F18 (9 %), F5 (8 %) and F4 (3 %). Enterotoxin genes were detected in 424 (44.5 %) of the isolates, of which EAST1 (38 %) and STa (30 %) were the most common, followed by STb (17 %), Stx2 (6 %) and LT (5 %). Twenty-three per cent of isolates from suckling piglets and 43 % of isolates from weaned piglets carried both enterotoxin and adhesin genes, the most common virotypes being F41 : STa, F41 : EAST1, EAST1 : eae, F41 : F6, F41 : STa : STb, F41 : eae and F17 : eae. The present study examined for the first time, to our knowledge, the prevalence of 13 virulence genes among E. coli strains isolated from piglets with and without diarrhoea in Mexico. The results suggested that there are a wide variety of virulence genes associated with diarrhoea in piglets. This study provides baseline information on the significance of specific virotypes associated with suckling and weaning periods in piglets in Mexico.

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Section: Haemolytic Activity In Strains Of E Colicontrasting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of virulence genes in Escherichia coli strains isolated from piglets in the suckling and weaning period in Mexico

Toledo

Gómez

Cruz

et al. 2012

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…Using DIG-labeled probes, the number of strains that hybridized with the elth gene probe was lower than in previous studies, even in healthy pigs [5,6]. On the other hand, only 32% of E. coli isolates derived from diarrheal pigs in Zimbabwe were found to possess enterotoxin and fimbrial genes by using multiplex PCR, respectively [22]. In Brazil, toxin genes (elt, estp, stx1, stx2 and eaeA), either individually or combined, were present in most of the strains of E. coli from pigs with diarrhea and in 42.8% of the strains from pigs without diarrhea [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Virulence Genes and Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Hemolytic and Nonhemolytic Escherichia coli Isolated from Post-Weaning Piglets in Central Thailand

Prapasarakul

Tummaruk

Niyomtum

et al. 2010

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. The purpose of this study was to compare the existence of virulence genes in hemolytic Escherichia coli (HEC) and nonhemolytic E. coli (NHEC) isolated from weaner pigs in Thailand, and to determine their susceptibility to 10 antimicrobial agents. A total of 304 E. coli isolates were obtained from 90 piglets with diarrhea and 110 healthy piglets. Of these, 74 HEC isolates were obtained from 70 pigs with diarrhea, and 4 were obtained from 4 healthy pigs, while 190 and 40 NHEC were recovered from 110 healthy and 20 pigs with diarrhea, respectively. A ten digoxigenin (DIG)-labeled probe system was utilized for detecting genes encoding virulence-associated toxins and proteins in these isolates, and the minimal inhibitory concentration values against 10 antimicrobials were determined by means of the agar dilution technique. In total, 70.3% of the HEC isolates contained an exotoxin gene, lth, estp or stx2e, whereas 2.6% of the NHEC isolates hybridized with a gene probe for estp or stx2e. Over 90% of the isolates were resistant to most agents other than colistin and halquinol. The MIC 90 values of the HEC isolates for halquinol and colistin were 4 and 8 times greater than those of the NHEC isolates, respectively. The results represent the first characterization of resistant pathogenic E. coli distributed in the Thai pig industry. Amongst the HEC isolates, there appeared to be an association between the presence of some exotoxin genes, including lth, estp and stx2e, and reduced antimicrobial susceptibility.

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“…Almost a third of porcine E. coli examined in Zimbabwe were positive for one of the LT or ST variants or a Shigatoxin gene [109]. For most ETEC, host selectivity is defined by surface antigen tropism and most animal isolates have other adhesins [110] but least some animal ETEC may also have the potential to cause disease in humans [111].…”

Section: Enteropathogenic E Colimentioning

confidence: 99%

Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in sub-Saharan Africa: Status, Uncertainties and Necessities

Okeke

2009

J Infect Dev Ctries

127

103

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Diarrhea is a leading cause of illness and death, particularly in developing countries. Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), enteroinvasive E. coli, enterohemorrhaghic E. coli (EHEC), enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) and diffusely adherent E. coli (DAEC) have been associated with diarrheal disease in different parts of Africa, particularly among young children, HIV-positive individuals, and visitors from abroad. Each of these E. coli pathotypes uses distinct mechanisms, which are only partially understood, to colonize infected hosts and produce diarrhea. All known diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes have been reported from diverse locations within Africa but the true burden from these pathogens is unknown because very few studies seeking these organisms with discriminatory methodology have been performed. Recent reports implicate ETEC and EAEC in a considerable proportion of childhood and travellers' diarrheas and suggest that some sub-types of these categories may have greater epidemiological significance than others. The significant contribution of EHEC to bloody diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome is underappreciated because diagnostic capacity for this pathotype is generally inferior to that for confounders such as Shigella and Entamoeba. Recent studies in Africa have revealed the worrisome emergence of antimicrobial resistance and high asymptomatic carriage rates for diarrheagenic E. coli but bacterial and host factors that predispose to disease, as well as non-human reservoirs, are largely unknown. Future diarrheal disease research needs to focus on broadening the repertoire of pathogens sought in epidemiological surveys to include multiple categories of diarrheagenic E. coli while building capacity to detect these pathogens in local reference laboratories.

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Prevalence of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli virulence genes from scouring piglets in Zimbabwe

Cited by 27 publications

References 16 publications

Prevalence of virulence genes in Escherichia coli strains isolated from piglets in the suckling and weaning period in Mexico

Prevalence of virulence genes in Escherichia coli strains isolated from piglets in the suckling and weaning period in Mexico

Virulence Genes and Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Hemolytic and Nonhemolytic Escherichia coli Isolated from Post-Weaning Piglets in Central Thailand

Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in sub-Saharan Africa: Status, Uncertainties and Necessities

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