Prevalence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae in urine samples from Thumbay hospitals, U.A.E

Abstract

Beta Lactamases is proven to be one of the leading cause of resistance to β-lactam antibiotics among gram-negative bacteria. Many up to date researches have shown increase in the incidence and prevalence of ESBL worldwide. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of ESBL strains of Klebsiella spp. and Escherichia coli species in urinary isolates from the patients admitted in Thumbay hospitals around United Arab Emirates. Furthermore, drug resistant genes (SHV and CTX-M) in the ESBL positive samples were detected. 237 urine samples were collected from November 2017 to January 2018. Based on the lactose utilization, colony morphology, and biochemical utilization of the gram negative bacilli were identified as E. coli (53), Klebsiella pneumoniae (10) and Citrobacter species (2). Antibiotic sensitivity test, double disc diffusion test and combination disc tests all confirmed that the 65 (27.4 %) out of 237 isolates were ESBL producing bacteria. There was high prevalence of bacteria in females than male and the number of E. coli strains is higher than Klebsiella spp. DNA isolation was performed on the 65 samples, out of which 50 samples were selected for PCR based on their concentration. The selected DNA samples were used to detect the presence of bla CTX-M and bla SHV genes. Only 24 DNA samples (48 %) contains blaCTX-M genes, bla SHV or both the genes. 14 samples had bla CTX-M gene, 2 bla SHV genes, and 8 with both bla SHV and bla CTX-M. At the rate at which ESBL is spreading, further research, close observation and cautious use of antibiotics is important.