Prevalence of four enteropathogens in the faeces of young diarrhoeic dairy calves in Switzerland

Uhde, F. Lanz; Kaufmann, Thomas; Sager, Heinz; Albini, Sarah; Zanoni, Reto; Schelling, Esther; Meylan, Mireille

doi:10.1136/vr.163.12.362

Cited by 122 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Figure 5 provides a synopsis of Figures 1-4 and details the costs associated with the different branches. An infectious pathogen was isolated in 85% of scouring calves in a Swiss study [3], [5]; rotavirus and Cryptosporidium parvum each accounted for 40% to 50% of all cases and coronavirus and E. coli each accounted for approximately 1% of cases. As can be seen in the decision trees ( Figures 1-4), the costs are higher for all four infectious agents when diagnostic testing was done compared with the trial-and-error method.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The premise was that calves with diarrhea presented for veterinary examination were either treated or euthanized and that non-treatment was not an option for humane reasons. Some pathogens including Cryptosporidium parvum, rotavirus, and coronavirus have intermittent shedding patterns [5] and therefore, negative results must be interpreted accordingly regardless of the sensitivity and specificity of the tests used. Furthermore, diarrhea pathogens also are commonly isolated from clinically healthy calves [5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prevalence of different infectious agents is given in Table 1. Treatment success and spontaneous cure rates are shown in Table 2 for diarrheic calves with cryptosporidiosis, in Table 3 for calves infected with rotavirus, in Table 4 for calves infected with coronavirus, and in Table 5 for calves with E. coli diarrhea. The dosages and prices used for calculation in Tables 6-8 are based on the fee schedule of our clinic as of June 2015.…”

Section: Animals Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Infectious diarrhea is often a sequel to failure of passive transfer because of inadequate colostrum quality or quantity. Crowding, immune status, and environmental and management factors also play important roles in the pathogenesis of diarrhea [5]. The four most prevalent infectious microorganisms found in calves with diarrhea are Cryptosporidium parvum, rotavirus, coronavirus, and enterotoxic E. coli.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The establishment of an etiological diagnosis is crucial, especially in herd problems, to initiate specific treatment and metaphylactic and prophylactic measures [5]. Selection of an effective treatment for scouring calves can be difficult without an etiological diagnosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence-Based Use of Antibiotics in Veal Calves with Diarrhea

Hässig¹,

Kretschmar²

2016

OJVM

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Diarrhea is the leading cause of mortality in beef and dairy calves during the first week of life and results in substantial financial loss [1]. Diarrhea is a multifactorial disease and can be infectious or non-infectious. However, in the majority of calves, infectious organisms, especially Cryptosporidium parvum, rotavirus, coronavirus, and E. coli, are the primary cause [2]. The aim of this study was to generate a decision tree, based on prevalence, diagnostic testing and treatment and to estimate associated costs or risk. For each of the four main pathogens, two principal approaches are outlined and compared. The first approach relies on a detailed diagnostic workup and allows for specific etiological treatment. The second approach relies on the trial-and-error method, which involves the use of a first-choice antibiotic, followed by a second-and third-choice antibiotic if the previous ones failed to resolve the disease. In Switzerland, the prevalence of diarrheic calves infected with E. coli is approximately 1% suggesting that the use of antimicrobials for the treatment of scouring calves, in the absence of a diagnostic workup, is not always justified. However, for all four major pathogens, the trial-and-error method affords cheaper treatment compared with treatment based on an etiological diagnosis. This creates a quandary in view of the current worldwide efforts to reduce the use of antibiotics in animal agriculture.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Animals Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence-Based Use of Antibiotics in Veal Calves with Diarrhea

Hässig¹,

Kretschmar²

2016

OJVM

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Isolation and antibiogram of Escherichia coli O157: H7 from diarrhoeic calves in urban and peri‐urban dairy farms of Hawassa town

Fesseha

Mathewos

Aliye

et al. 2021

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Background Calf diarrhoea is the most serious issue in the livestock industry, resulting in significant financial losses. Methods A study was undertaken in 32 urban and peri‐urban dairy farms of Hawassa town to isolate E. coli from diarrhoeic calves, assess associated putative factors related to the occurrence, and the evaluate antibacterial susceptibility patterns of isolates. A convenience sampling technique was performed for the selection of these dairy farms and calf samples. A total of 68 faecal samples were collected directly from the rectum of diarrhoeic calves. The faecal samples were confirmed as E. coli O157: H7 positive using the latex agglutination test. Results In this study, 47(69.1%) samples were positive for E. coli, of which 22 (46.8%) were identified as E. coli O157:H7 strains based on their latex agglutination character. Factors such as frequency of calf house cleaning, type of supplement provided, and method of colostrum feeding were significantly correlated (p < 0.05) with calf diarrhoea, while the other risk factors had no significant association. Antibiogram of E. coli O157:H7 isolates showed that the isolates were highly sensitive to gentamycin, ceftriaxone, trimethoprim‐sulphamethoxazole, and ciprofloxacin and were found to be resistant to tetracycline, kanamycin and amoxicillin. Conclusion Our findings revealed that calf diarrhoea is still a major health problem of calves in the study area. Hence, improved calf and farm management practice, an ad libitum quantity of colostrum, and good farm hygienic practices should be ensured. This study also revealed that some antibiotic‐resistant E. coli O157:H7 isolates need to be further investigated for their public health implications.

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Evaluation of relationship between Rotavirus and Coronavirus infections with calf diarrhea by capture ELISA

et al. 2009

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Rotavirus and Coronavirus are two main causes of severe diarrhea in human infants and many animal species worldwide. Calves up to 3 months old can be affected by these viruses. The importance of these viruses in cattle industry is due to substantial economic loss, treatment costs, and reduced growth rates in beef and dairy calves. Mixed infections caused by Rotavirus and Coronavirus can lead to severe form of diarrhea. In present casecontrol study, 261 samples of healthy and diarrheic calves from farms around Mashhad were collected. These samples were tested by antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Bio-X diagnosis kit). The results showed that the prevalence of Rotavirus and Coronavirus infection in diarrheic calves is 26.98% and 3.17%, respectively. Also, there was no significant relationship between infection with Rotavirus, Coronavirus, and diarrhea in the studied population.

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Prevalence of four enteropathogens in the faeces of young diarrhoeic dairy calves in Switzerland

Cited by 122 publications

References 28 publications

Evidence-Based Use of Antibiotics in Veal Calves with Diarrhea

Evidence-Based Use of Antibiotics in Veal Calves with Diarrhea

Isolation and antibiogram of Escherichia coli O157: H7 from diarrhoeic calves in urban and peri‐urban dairy farms of Hawassa town

Evaluation of relationship between Rotavirus and Coronavirus infections with calf diarrhea by capture ELISA

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