Prevalence of head lice, Pediculus humanus capitis L. and their relation to anxiety among primary school children in Kalar district, Kurdistan region-Iraq

Abstract

Introduction 1 Three divergent clades of lice can infest human: Head lice, body lice and pubic lice (Amin and A meen, 2018). The human head louse, Pediculus humanus Var. capitis De Geer, 1778, is a wingless, blood feeding parasitic insect of human that affect millions of people in d ifferent ages particularly children in all over the world (Doroodgar et al., 2011). Head lice are more prevalent in the developing countries especially in the crowded places with low socioeconomic and poor hygiene conditions (Akhter et al., 2010). Pediculus humanus capitis lives on the hu man scalp where it attaches to the hair shafts, nourish on blood and complete all the stages of its life cycle: egg, ny mph and adult

Epidemiology Study of the Head Lice Pediculus humanus capitis Isolated among Primary School Students in Erbil city, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

“…They mentioned that there are 86 papers mentioned gender-specific prevalence concerning during the past fifty years ago (1977-2020) throughout the word and confirmed that the girls were infested more than twice as much as boys. Several study which had been done in Iraq and Kurdistan region confirmed this results including those of AI-Khafaji [55]; Al-Bayati and Muhaisen [49]; Al-Alousi and Tawfeeq [28]; Al-Aboody [56]; Al-Marjan and Kamil [40]; Abdullah [57]; Muhamad and Nasraddin [51]; Khidhir [33]; Obaid [58]; Ali and Hama [34]; Amin [59]; Sulaiman [30] and Tawfeeq [9] while dis agree with that conducted by AI-Rubiay [45]; Al-Mamouri [27]; Al-Makky and Darwesh [60].…”

Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Most Endoparasites and Ectoparasites during Past Decade in Iraq

“…Data of a number of articles on the prevalence of infestation by head lice were collected and analyzed in different Iraqi provenances, and the result reveals as follow: Koya district 41.14%, Erbil 14,52%, Kirkuk 34.7%, Al-Najaf 22.9%, Sulaimanya 1.12%, Kalar district 14.43%, Ninawa 27.44% and Salahadin 21.9% (Mahmood and Nasraddin, 2015;Khidhir et al, 2017;Kadir et al, 2017;Al-Zayadi, 2018;Ali and Hama, 2018;Amin et al, 2019;Sulaiman et al, 2020;Tawfeeq, 2020) respectively. The highest prevalence of infestation was recorded in Koya district from Sulaymaniah governments in 2015 and the lowest one was recorded in centre of Sulaymaniah city during 2018.…”

Head lice infestation and the role of some cognitive‐behavioral factors in its spread and prevention among adolescent girls: A cross‐sectional study in Northwest Iran

“…Head lice infestation (HLI) can lead to negative social and psychological outcomes such as distress, anxiety in children and their families, social stigma, isolation, blaming in friends groups, impose extra costs, absence from school, and failure in academic performance. 2 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 …”

“…Head lice infestation (HLI) can lead to negative social and psychological outcomes such as distress, anxiety in children and their families, social stigma, isolation, blaming in friends groups, impose extra costs, absence from school, and failure in academic performance. 2,[8][9][10][11][12] Some studies have shown that the factors affecting HLI include demographic and socioeconomic factors, lifestyle-related factors, number of people sharing the room (family size), accessibility to soaps/shampoos, sharing of bed, towels/soaps and combs, bathing, not combing hair, hair longitude and condition, going to the hairdresser, low level of family's knowledge about head lice, its transmission, and treatment, school type (Government/private). 1,[13][14][15][16] Due to the prevalence of head lice in schools and adolescent girls, it seems that some factors affecting this health problem are unknown.…”