Prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C in Catalonia: cross-sectional study

Solá, Ricard; Castro, Ernesto; Hombrados, Manuela; Coll, S.; Planas, Ramón; Jardí, Rosendo; Sunyer, J. Oriol; Covas, María Isabel; Marrugat, Jaume

doi:10.1016/s0168-8278(01)81450-1

Cited by 11 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…These discrepancies in the frequencies of occult HBV infection in hemodialysis patients between several studies, including our study, could be due to several factors such as geographic location [37], health care measures in hemodialysis units, differences in the sensitivity of the methods used to detect the viral genome [33,37], and the size of the study groups [38,39]. Occult HBV is thought to be due to infection with mutant virus that cannot be detected with commercially available molecular methods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Occult hepatitis B virus infection among chronic hemodialysis patients in Alexandria, Egypt

Helaly¹,

Ghazzawi²,

Shawky³

et al. 2015

Journal of Infection and Public Health

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The prevalence of end-stage renal disease has increased dramatically in developing countries. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global health problem that represents a significant co-morbidity event that has led to outbreaks of hepatitis B. There are inadequate data concerning occult HBV infection among Egyptian chronic hemodialysis patients. This study aimed to detect occult HBV infection among chronic hemodialysis patients in Alexandria, Egypt. A cross-sectional study was performed on 100 patients with end-stage renal disease that received maintenance hemodialysis and had tested negative for HBV surface antigen. Blood samples were collected before the initiation of hemodialysis. Sera were tested for hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B core (HBc) antibodies using ELISA, and HBV DNA was detected by SYBR Green real-time PCR using specific primers for the s and c genes and by nested PCR using pol gene-specific primers. The serum activity of alanine and aspartate aminotransferase (ALT and AST) were also measured. Anti-HCV and anti-HBc antibodies were detected in 34% and 48% of patients, respectively, and 70.6% of anti-HCV positive patients were also positive for anti-HBc antibodies. This association was statistically significant (p=0.001). HBV DNA was detected in 32% of the hemodialysis patients. A significant association was determined between the presence of HBV DNA and anti-HCV positivity (p=0.021). Aminotransferases were elevated in 21% of the studied patients, more often in patients with positive anti-HCV profiles than in patients negative for anti-HCV (p<0.05). In conclusion, the serological markers of HBV infection should be verified with molecular tests to investigate possible occult infections, especially among anti-HBc-positive hemodialysis patients, to improve our understanding of their clinical, laboratory, and epidemiological characteristics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Occult hepatitis B virus infection among chronic hemodialysis patients in Alexandria, Egypt

Helaly¹,

Ghazzawi²,

Shawky³

et al. 2015

Journal of Infection and Public Health

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“…1,7,8 Chronic HB infection prevalence in the region of Madrid is low (<2%) and is below both the 1996 rate reported for Spain overall and the rates reported for other regions of Spain. 2,[9][10][11][12] Since chronic HB infection prevalence remains below 1% even considering that the population aged under 16 years is excluded from the analysis, Spain can be classified as a low-endemicity country.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B virus infection and vaccine-induced immunity in Madrid (Spain)

et al. 2014

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“…1) was based on a previous national report [7]. A viremic rate of 76% was used utilizing the average rate from three studies, weighted by sample size [103][104][105]. Viremic prevalence in 1995 was estimated at 1.1% (0.9-1.5%), equivalent to 115 000 (89 000-148 000) cases.…”

Section: Hcv-infected Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was assumed the age and gender distribution of the HCV-infected population in Catalonia was reflective of the distribution in Spain. The genotype distribution (Table 1) It was estimated that in 1994-1996, transfusion accounted for 25.5% of the transmission of HCV infection, whereas past or present IDU accounted for an estimated 10% [105]. Transmission of HCV infection through transfusion and IDU has been declining since 1996.…”

Section: Hcv-infected Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical epidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in selected countries

Bruggmann

Berg

Øvrehus

et al. 2014

Journal of Viral Hepatitis

238

192

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SUMMARY. Chronic infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a leading indicator for liver disease. New treatment options are becoming available, and there is a need to characterize the epidemiology and disease burden of HCV. Data for prevalence, viremia, genotype, diagnosis and treatment were obtained through literature searches and expert consensus for 16 countries. For some countries, data from centralized registries were used to estimate diagnosis and treatment rates. Data for the number of liver transplants and the proportion attributable to HCV were obtained from centralized databases. Viremic prevalence estimates varied widely between countries, ranging from 0.3% in Austria, England and Germany to 8.5% in Egypt. The largest viremic populations were in Egypt, with 6 358 000 cases in 2008 and Brazil with 2 106 000 cases in 2007. The age distribution of cases differed between countries. In most countries, prevalence rates were higher among males, reflecting higher rates of injection drug use. Diagnosis, treatment and transplant levels also differed considerably between countries. Reliable estimates characterizing HCV-infected populations are critical for addressing HCV-related morbidity and mortality. There is a need to quantify the burden of chronic HCV infection at the national level.

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Prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C in Catalonia: cross-sectional study

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Occult hepatitis B virus infection among chronic hemodialysis patients in Alexandria, Egypt

Occult hepatitis B virus infection among chronic hemodialysis patients in Alexandria, Egypt

Hepatitis B virus infection and vaccine-induced immunity in Madrid (Spain)

Historical epidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in selected countries

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