Prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus and Associated Risk Factors among Inmates at New Bell Prison, Douala, Cameroon

Kowo, Mathurin; Andoulo, Firmin Ankouane; Ngek, Larry Tangie; Sizimboue, Daniel Tchamdeu; Ndam, Antonin Ndjitoyap; Ondo, Buno Ela; Bagnaka, Servais Eloumou; Djanteng, Rocard; Ndam, Elie-Claude Ndjitoyap; Njoya, Oudou

doi:10.4236/ojepi.2019.92011

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…When paralleled with international studies, the prevalence is higher than studies from India (1.27%) [31], West Africa (0.5%) [32], Turkey (0.5%) [33] and Ethiopia (1.2%) [27]. On the contrary, the prevalence study is lower than studies from Ghana (19.2%) [25], Brazil (13.6%) [34], Pakistan (15.2%) [26], Mexico (4.6%) [35], Cameroun (4.4%) [36] and Spain (22.7%) [37]. The pragmatic differences in this prevalence could be due to the population size tested, the condition of the prison, high-risk behaviours such as injection drug use, homosexuality, and the screening method could also impact the differences [38] [39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Hepatitis B and C among Inmates of Port Harcourt Maximum Security Custodial Centre

Vito-Peter,

Hart,

Dio

et al. 2023

AID

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Hepatitis B (HBV) and Hepatitis C (HCV) are significant global public health burdens associated with liver cirrhosis, liver cancer and are responsible for over a million deaths yearly. Prisons and other confined facilities offer opportunities for the acquisition and transmission of infectious diseases such as hepatitis B and C during and after imprisonment. This study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C as well as their associated risk factors among inmates in the Port Harcourt Maximum Security Custodial Centre. A cross-sectional study was conducted among inmates incarcerated in the Port Harcourt Maximum Security Custodial Centre from July to December 2022, and 200 consenting subjects completed a structured questionnaire in addition to screening for the presence of HBsAg and anti-HCV antibodies. Data generated from this study was represented as frequency and percentages, and inferential statistics were carried out using chi-square with the aid of GraphPad Prism Software Version 9. Statistical significance was defined as a p-value of less than 0.05 at a 95% confidence interval. The seroprevalence of HBV was 4% while 3.5% was recorded for HCV with no cases of co-infections reported. HBV seroprevalence was significantly associated with blood oath and a history of surgery (p < 0.05) while HCV seroprevalence was significantly associated with a history of blood oath, sex with non-marital partners as well as a history of illicit drug use (p < 0.05).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Hepatitis B and C among Inmates of Port Harcourt Maximum Security Custodial Centre

Vito-Peter,

Hart,

Dio

et al. 2023

AID

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“…This can be supported by the fact that HCV can survive on surfaces such as needles, lancet pens, lancets, and glucometers on average for five to seven days [14]. As such, there is a high possibility of being infected when there is inadequate sterilization of medical equipment and sharp objects such as needles, razor blades, toothbrushes, or other household articles like shaving machines, tattooing, and body piercing [5,17,18], this advocates the significantly high prevalence seen among DM patients sharing sharp objects (9.1%), those with Tattoos (9.4%), scarification (3.6%), participants who have been hospitalized (6.7%) and had a blood transfusion (25.0%) at least once. To further attest to this, our data showed that the higher occurrence of HCV was seen in those with a family history of HCV (19.2%) compared to their counterpart (0.6%), suggesting that there is likely intra-household viral transmission.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of Hepatitis C Virus infection and the potential predictors among patients with diabetes mellitus in the Bamenda Regional Hospital in Cameroon

Abongwa¹,

Kuh²,

Ndenge³

2022

J Gast Hepa Rep

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Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infections are a global major public health threat. Their co-infections and associated risk factors have been postulated in many countries, unfortunately, no such data exist in Cameroon. This study aims to determine the prevalence and possible predictors of HCV among DM patients. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among DM patients at Regional Hospital Bamenda from February to June 2020. Blood samples were collected and tested for the presence of HCV. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23. Results: The study comprised 193 participants. The mean (Std. error) age and random blood sugar level of the participants were 46.12(0.9) years and 134.15(4.07) g/dl respectively. HCV prevalence was 3.11% (6). The distribution of HCV infection did not show any significant difference with social demographic factors (p > 0.05). Similarly, HCV was insignificantly (p > 0.05) higher in patients with T2DM 6(3.4%), those with disease duration >5 years 4(4.4%), and those receiving injectable drugs 2(9.1%). Possible predictors (p<0.05) of HCV identified in this study include; uncontrolled diabetes (7.4%), family history of diabetes (19.2%), hepatitis 2(15.4%), alcohol intake (7.6%), multiple sex partners (6.5%), sharing sharp objects (9.1%), those with Tattoos (9.4%), scarification marks (3.6%), as well as those who have been hospitalized (6.7%), or received blood transfusion (25.0%) at least once. Conclusion: HCV testing and linkage to care among DM patients should be made imperative in order to design effective treatment and prevention programs that will reduce the morbidity and mortality rates.

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“…The male sex was the most affected by HCV (6.3%), without a significant association being found. Kowo et al [13] also found HCV infection to be more prevalent among men than women. Kowo et al's study of the prison population in which the majority of prisoners are men (86.7%), could explain their results.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Hcv-abmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In fact, this prevalence was higher in the age group over 50 years with a frequency of 19.8%. Kowo et al [13] reported in 2019 a risk 4 times higher in people over the age of 50. Similar results have been reported by several African literatures, including Baha et al [14] in Morocco, Elzouki et al [15] in Libya and Kandeel et al [16] in Egypt.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Hcv-abmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Prevalence of HBsAg and anti-HCV antibodies during a screening campaign in August 2019

2021

OJGH

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Introduction: Hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) virus infections represent a major public health problem, with significant mortality and morbidity worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HBsAg and anti-HCV antibodies, and to investigate the risk factors associated with these two infections. Patients and methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out during a free screening campaign for viral hepatitis B and C organized by the University Teaching Hospital of Yaounde from 20th to 23rd August 2019. Screening for HBsAg and anti-HCV antibodies was carried out using a rapid diagnostic test (On Site HBsAg/HCV Ab Rapid Test (CTK Inc 10110 Mesa Rim Road San Diego, CA 92121 USA) in accordance with the manufacturer’s Instruction. Positive samples had a confirmatory ELISA test. A structured questionnaire was used to investigate the risk factors for viral hepatitis B and C. Results: A total of 746 participants (412 women, 334 men) were registered. The average age of the participants was 29.6 ± 15.5 years. The prevalence of HBsAg was 10.3% (men: 14.7%; women: 7%; p = 0.002). The prevalence of HCV-Ab was 4.7% (men: 6.3%; women: 3.4%; p = 0.08). Unprotected sexual intercourse (59.4%), dental care (38.7%) and scarification (37.1%) were the main factors of HBV and HCV transmission. Male sex (OR = 2.2; IC = 1.3 – 3.6; p = 0.002), lack of vaccination (OR = 3.4; IC = 1.2 – 9.6; p = 0.01), tattoos (OR = 6.6; IC = 1.4 – 30.2; p = 0.02) and close contact with an HBV-infected person (OR = 1.7; IC = 1.01 – 2.9; p = 0.04) were the factors associated with HBV transmission. Age groups ≥ 55 years (OR = 1.3; IC = 1.1 – 1.5; p < 0.0001) and [45 – 54] (OR = 1.06; IC = 1.0 – 1.1; p = 0.03) unprotected sexual intercourse (OR = 3.5; IC = 1.4 – 8.7; p = 0.003), dental care (OR = 2.3; IC = 1.1 – 4.5; p = 0.02) were associated with HCV infection. Conclusion: The prevalences of HBsAg and HCV-Ab are high in this population. Unprotected sexual intercourse, dental care and scarification were the most common risk factors.

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Prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus and Associated Risk Factors among Inmates at New Bell Prison, Douala, Cameroon

Cited by 5 publications

References 18 publications

Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Hepatitis B and C among Inmates of Port Harcourt Maximum Security Custodial Centre

Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Hepatitis B and C among Inmates of Port Harcourt Maximum Security Custodial Centre

Incidence of Hepatitis C Virus infection and the potential predictors among patients with diabetes mellitus in the Bamenda Regional Hospital in Cameroon

Prevalence of HBsAg and anti-HCV antibodies during a screening campaign in August 2019

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